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LacUV5
The ''lacUV5'' promoter is a variant of the wild type ''Escherichia coli'' ''lac'' core promoter. It contains a 2 base pair mutation in the -10 hexamer region, compared to the ''lac'' promoter.〔Pribnow, D. (1975) Bacteriophage T7 Early Promoters: Nucleotide Sequences of Two RNA Polymerase Binding Sites. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022283675801367〕 By conforming closer to the sigma 70 consensus sequence, RNA Polymerase(RNAP) is recruited to the promoter more effectively, even in the absence of additional RNAP interactions via the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the alpha subunit of RNAP. Thus, transcription from ''lacUV5'' will occur at higher rates than seen with P''lac''. Additionally, unlike P''lac'', P''lacUV5'' works independently of activator proteins or other cis regulatory elements (apart from the -10 and -35 promoter regions ).〔Noel, R.J., Reznikoff, W.S., ‘Structural Studies of lacUV5-RNA Polymerase Interactions in Vitro’, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 275, No. 11, pp. 7708-7712, 2000. Print.〕 The ''lacUV5'' promoter is commonly found on expression plasmids and is used when controllable but high levels of a product are desired. The ''lacUV5'' promoter expression is regulated by the LacI repressor and can be induced with isopropyl thiogalactoside (IPTG). IPTG is an effective inducer of protein expression when used in the concentration range of 100μM to 1.5mM. The ''lacUV5'' promoter is often found on plasmids used to express protein fusions for further study. ==References== 〔
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