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|Section2= |Section6= |Section7= }} Cyhalothrin is an organic compound that is used as a pesticide. It is a pyrethroid, a class of man-made insecticides that mimic the structure and insecticidal properties of the naturally-occurring insecticide pyrethrum which comes from the flowers of chrysanthemums. Synthetic pyrethroids, like lambda-cyhalothrin, are often preferred as an active ingredient in insecticides because they remain effective for longer periods of time. It is a colorless solid, although samples can appear beige, with a mild odor. It has a low water solubility and is nonvolatile. It is used to control insects in cotton crops.〔Robert L. Metcalf "Insect Control" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry" Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. 〕 == Structure == Lambda-cyhalothrin is a mixture of isomers of cyhalothrin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher= National Pesticide Telecommunications Network (Oregon State University and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) )〕 Brand names include "Danger" by "(OPAL Agrochemical Pakistan )" 'Karate', 'Kung-fu', 'Matador', 'Cyzmic CS', and 'Demand CS' (Syngenta); Proaxis in Indonesia by PT Dow AgroSciences Indonesia; in the USA, 'Triazicide' and 'Hot Shot' are used in the home landscape and garden markets〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher= Iowa State University Department of Entomology )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Health Canada )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Syngenta )〕 Home Depot carries a brand of the Lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide under the brand name Real Kill and Spectracide Bug Off. Terro also makes an outdoor ant and other insect prevention treatment similar to Home Defense using this ingredient. Syngenta held the patent for Lambda-cyhalothrin. This patent expired in most major markets in 2003.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=WHO )〕 Lambda cyhalothrin may be marketed as Charge, Demand CS, Excaliber, Grenade, Hallmark, Icon, Karate, Matador, OMS 0321, PP321, Saber, Samurai, and Sentinel. Gamma-cyhalothrin is a single stereoisomer of the pyrethroid insecticide cyhalothrin, and as such shares physical, chemical, and biological properties with both cyhalothrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, which are mixtures of 4 and 2 isomers respectively. Gamma-cyhalothrin is the most insecticidally active isomer of cyhalothrin/lambda-cyhalothrin, and thus the technical gamma-cyhalothrin product may be considered a refined form of cyhalothrin/lambda-cyhalothrin in that it has been purified by removal of less active and inactive isomers. Thus, similar levels of insecticidal efficacy for gamma-cyhalothrin can be obtained with significantly reduced application rates as compared with either cyhalothrin or lambda-cyhalothrin. The tolerance under 40 CFR 180.438 currently identifies lambda-cyhalothrin as a 1:1 mixture of two isomers and their epimers, one of which is the gamma isomer. The gamma isomer is present at 42% in this mixture. By contrast in the proposed tolerance expression the gamma isomer is present at 98% in the mixture.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=US EPA FEDERAL REGISTER, April 8, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 68) )〕 Home Depot carries a brand of the Gamma-cyhalothrin insecticide under the brand name Spectracide Triazacide. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyhalothrin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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