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| regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Chondrichthyes | subclassis = Elasmobranchii | superordo = Selachimorpha | ordo = Lamniformes | ordo_authority = L. S. Berg, 1958 | subdivision_ranks = Families | subdivision = See Text }} Lamniformes is an order of sharks commonly known as mackerel sharks (which may also refer specifically to the family Lamnidae). It includes some of the most familiar species of sharks, such as the great white shark, as well as more unusual representatives, such as the goblin shark and the megamouth shark. The name of the order is formed from the Greek word, ''Lamna'' ("fish of prey"). Members of the order are distinguished by possessing two dorsal fins, an anal fin, five gill slits, eyes without nictitating membranes, and a mouth extending behind the eyes. Also, unlike other sharks, they maintain a higher body temperature than the surrounding water. ==Species== The order Lamniformes includes ten families with twenty-two species, with a total of seven living families and seventeen living species: Order Lamniformes * Family Alopiidae Bonaparte, 1838 (Thresher sharks) * * Genus ''Alopias'' Rafinesque, 1810 * * * ''Alopias pelagicus'' Nakamura, 1935 (Pelagic thresher) () * * * ''Alopias superciliosus'' R. T. Lowe, 1841 (Bigeye thresher) () * * * ''Alopias vulpinus'' (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Common thresher) () * * * ''Alopias sp.'' Not yet described * Family Cetorhinidae Gill, 1862 * * Genus ''Cetorhinus'' Blainville, 1816 * * * ''Cetorhinus maximus'' (Gunnerus, 1765) (Basking shark) () *Family Eoptolamnidae (Extinct) * * Genus Leptostyrax〔http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0127162〕〔http://www.livescience.com/51072-giant-cretaceous-shark-uncovered.html〕 * * *Leptostyrax macrorhiza * Family Lamnidae J. P. Müller and Henle, 1838 * * Genus ''Carcharodon'' A. Smith, 1838 * * * ''Carcharodon carcharias'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Great white shark) () * * * ''Carcharodon hubbelli'' † * * Genus ''Isurus'' Rafinesque, 1810 * * * ''Isurus oxyrinchus'' Rafinesque, 1810 (Shortfin mako) () * * * ''Isurus paucus'' Guitart-Manday, 1966 (Longfin mako) () * * Genus ''Lamna'' Cuvier, 1816 * * * ''Lamna ditropis'' Hubbs & Follett, 1947 (Salmon shark) () * * * ''Lamna nasus'' (Bonnaterre, 1788) (Porbeagle) () * Family Megachasmidae Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983 * * Genus ''Megachasma'' Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983 * * * ''Megachasma pelagios'' Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983 (Megamouth shark) () * Family Mitsukurinidae D. S. Jordan, 1898 * * Genus ''Mitsukurina'' D. S. Jordan, 1898 * * * ''Mitsukurina owstoni'' D. S. Jordan, 1898 (Goblin shark) () * Family Odontaspididae Müller & Henle, 1839 * * Genus ''Carcharias'' Rafinesque, 1810 * * * ''Carcharias taurus'' Rafinesque, 1810 (Sand tiger shark) () * * Genus ''Odontaspis'' Agassiz, 1838 * * * ''Odontaspis ferox'' (Risso, 1810) (Smalltooth sand tiger) () * * * ''Odontaspis noronhai'' (Maul, 1955) (Bigeye sand tiger) () * Family Pseudocarchariidae Compagno, 1973 * * Genus ''Pseudocarcharias'' Cadenat, 1963 * * * ''Pseudocarcharias kamoharai'' (Matsubara, 1936) (Crocodile shark) () * Family Cardabiodontidae (Extinct) * * Genus Cardabiodon Michael Silverson, 1999 * * * ''Cardabiodon ricki'' Michael Silverson, 1999 † * Family Cretoxyrhinidae (Extinct) * * Genus ''Cretoxyrhina'' Agassiz, 1843 * * ''Cretoxyrhina mantelli'' Agassiz, 1843 (Ginsu shark) † * Family Otodontidae (Extinct) * * Genus ''Carcharocles'' * * ''Carcharocles megalodon'' (Agassiz, 1843) (Megatooth shark) † (genus disputed) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lamniformes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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