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Landesvater
The ceremonial ''Landesvater'' is a collegiate custom developed in the 18th century where student caps are pierced with the blade of a sword. The song that accompanies this event is also called ''Landesvater''. The word ''Landesvater'' is also ironically used as a name for the prime ministers of the individual German states.
== History ==
In the 17th and 18th century, it was common among students to pierce their hats in order to show their love for a girl. Later, the custom changed inasmuch as it symbolized friendship between to students who henceforth said ''Du'' to each other. A further step in the development of this custom transferred the symbolic expression of friendship to a larger community. After 1770, academic orders were founded following the example of the Freemasons. They used the rite in order to express their loyalty to their respective prince or the emperor. The original version of the ''Landesvater'' that is still used today, with modified lyrics, hence praises emperor Joseph II.〔Dieter Langewiesche (ed.). ''Föderative Nation. Deutschlandkonzepte von der Reformation bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg.'' Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH: Munich, 2000. P. 136.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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