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Lathyrism
Lathyrism or neurolathyrism is a neurological disease of humans and domestic animals, caused by eating certain legumes of the genus ''Lathyrus''. This problem is mainly associated with ''Lathyrus sativus'' (also known as ''Grass pea'', ''Kesari Dal'', ''Khesari Dal'' or ''Almorta'') and to a lesser degree with ''Lathyrus cicera'', ''Lathyrus ochrus'' and ''Lathyrus clymenum''〔("Medical problems caused by plants: Lathyrism" ) at ''Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine'' online database〕 containing the toxin ODAP.
The lathyrism resulting from the ingestion of ''Lathyrus odoratus'' seeds (''sweet peas'') is often referred to as odoratism or osteolathyrism, which is caused by a different toxin (beta-aminopropionitrile) that affects the linking of collagen, a protein of connective tissues.
==Symptoms==
The consumption of large quantities of ''Lathyrus'' grain containing high concentrations of the glutamate analogue neurotoxin β-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP, also known as β-''N''-oxalyl-amino-L-alanine, or BOAA) causes paralysis, characterized by lack of strength in or inability to move the lower limbs, and may involve pyramidal tracts producing signs of upper motor neuron damage. The toxin may also cause aortic aneurysm.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Lathyrism.htm#ref-1 )〕 A unique symptom of lathyrism is the atrophy of gluteal muscles (buttocks). ODAP is a poison of mitochondria〔 leading to excess cell death, especially in motor neurons. Children can develop bone deformity and reduced brain development.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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