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Laurdan
Laurdan (6-Dodecanoyl-2-Dimethylaminonaphthalene) is an organic compound which is used as a fluorescent dye when applied to fluorescence microscopy. It is used to investigate membrane qualities of the phospholipid bilayers of cell membranes. One of its most important characteristics is its sensitivity to membrane phase transitions as well as other alterations to membrane fluidity such as the penetration of water.
==History==
Laurdan was first synthesized in 1979 by the argentinian scientist Gregorio Weber, who started biomolecular fluorescence spectroscopy. His thesis, "Fluorescence of Riboflavin, Diasphorase and Related Substances", was the starting point for the application of fluorescence spectroscopy to biomolecules.〔
Laurdan was designed as a substitute for other dyes, as previously modified lipids, which were inadequate to observe the membrane lipid bilayer because of their interaction with other compounds within the membrane lipid bilayer. Laurdan was designed specifically to study dipolar relaxation on cell membranes. Laurdan shows this effect more evidently because of its polar characteristics. Laurdan was first applied to study membrane fluidity of live cells with a 2-Photon fluorescence microscope in 1994 〔Yu W, So PT, French T, Gratton E (1996). Fluorescence generalized polarization of cell membranes: a two-photon scanning microscopy approach. Biophys J. 1996 Feb;70(2):626-36.〕 and it was found that the plasma membrane of cells is more rigid than that of the nuclear membrane.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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