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The Lautumiae were tufa quarries〔Samuel Ball Platner, ''The Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome'' (Allyn and Bacon, 1911, 2nd ed.), p. 169.〕 that became a topographical marker in ancient Rome. They were located on the northeast slope of the Capitoline Hill,〔Lawrence Richardson, ''A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome'' (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992), p. 234.〕 forming one side of the Graecostasis, where foreign embassies gathered prior to appearing before the Roman senate.〔Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' p. 142.〕 The Clivus Lautumiarum was the road (''clivus'', "slope" or "street") on which they were located. Platner identified the road as the one running between the Curia and the Temple of Concordia which became the Clivus Argentarius in the later Empire,〔Platner, ''Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome,'' pp. 171–172.〕 but the Argentarius is also thought to have been a separate street.〔Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' p. 88.〕 In Platner's analysis, it was thus one of six streets leading into the Forum, which it connected to the Porta Fontinalis, from there forming the direct link to the Campus Martius until the street plan was altered by the building of the Imperial fora.〔Platner, ''Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome,'' pp. 171–172.〕 Vicus Lautumiarum refers to the area as a neighborhood or quarter (see ''vicus'') . The quarries themselves were used as dungeons,〔Livy 32.26.17; Seneca Rhetor ''Controversiae'' 9.4().21; Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' p. 234.〕 primarily for low-status prisoners such as slaves. They were adjacent to or near the Tullianum or Carcer,〔Platner, ''Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome,'' p. 252.〕 forming with it a penal complex that included the Tarpeian Rock and Gemonian stairs.〔Ann Thomas Wilkins, "Sallust's Tullianum: Reality, Description, and Beyond," in ''Rome and Her Monuments: Essays on the City and Literature of Rome in Honor of Katherine A. Geffcken'' (Bolchazy-Carducci, 2000), p. 123.〕 The name ''Lautumiae'' was supposed to derive from the ''latomia'' (λατομία) of Syracuse,〔Platner, ''Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome,'' p. 252.〕 where quarries were used as prisons.〔Varro, ''De lingua latina'' 5.151; Paulus ''ex Festo'' 104 (edition of Lindsay); Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' p. 234.〕 Despite Varro's statement that Servius Tullius modeled an underground chamber after the Syracusan ''latomiae'',〔Varro, ''De lingua latina'' 5.151; Wilkins, "Sallust's Tullianum," p. 123.〕 the word probably came into use sometime between 212 and 180 BC.〔Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' p. 234.〕 The fire of 210 BC burned an area along the northeast side of the Forum Romanum as delineated by the Lautumiae.〔Livy 26.27.3, 27.11.16; Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' pp. 42, 169.〕 The Atrium Maenium was located ''in lautumiis'' on the Clivus Argentarius.〔Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary,'' p. 41.〕 ==Clivus Argentarius== Although Platner identified the Clivus Argentarius ("Banker Street") with the Lautumiae, Lawrence Richardson distinguishes the two in ''A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome'' (1992). Richardson identified the Clivus Argentarius as the street that connects the Roman Forum and the Campus Martius, running from the Vulcanal and along the front of the Carcer (Tullianum) over the northeast slope of the Capitoline Hill. Only medieval sources name a ''Clivus Argentarius,'' but it probably reflects the ancient financial activity centered on the offices of ''argentarii'',〔Richardson, ''Topographical Dictionary'', p. 88.〕 professional deposit bankers.〔Jean Andrea, ''Banking and Business in the Roman World'' (Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. xiii.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lautumiae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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