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Lavrentiya
Lavrentiya ((ロシア語:Лавре́нтия), Yupik: Ӄышы) is a rural locality (a ''selo'') and the administrative center of Chukotsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located on Lavrentiya Bay, close to the Bering Strait. Population: Lavrentiya is the only district administrative center in the whole autonomous okrug that does not have urban status; it accounts for 30.2% of the district's total population.〔
==History==
It is situated on Lavrentiya Bay, named by Captain James Cook who arrived in the bay on the feast day of Saint Lawrence〔(Red Cross Chukotka - Providensky District ) (Archived)〕 in 1778.〔 The village itself was founded in 1928〔(Муниципальное образование сельское поселение Лаврентия ) Municipal formation rural settlement of Lavrentiya - Official website of Chukotsky District〕 (although some sources suggest 1927〔). By 1928 a Kultbaza (a semi-permanent cultural base established by the Soviet Union in rural areas to ensure the ideological education of local indigenous inhabitants) had been established in the area〔 and by 1930 the settlement was sufficient that it was appointed as the administrative centre of Chukotsky District.〔 this appointment was later transferred to Uelen but administrative responsibilities returned to Lavrentiya in 1942.〔,〔
Lavrentiya was founded as a village in 1928, when a Chukchi Kultbaza, a communist run cultural and political base, was established, which was connected the various administrative and economic institutions of the region, to promote the consolidation of Soviet power and a steamer with timber for the construction of houses and other buildings and workers to perform the construction entered the Gulf of Lawrence in August 1927. By the autumn of 1928 Kultbaza consisted of a series of buildings: a veterinary station, repair shop for motor vehicles and appliances, hospital, warehouse, homes, factories, boarding schools and three residential houses.〔V. Pisigin, ''Посолонь (письма с Чукотки): Часть III. Лаврентия. Письмо двадцать четвертое. 21 декабря. Лаврентия'' (''Posolon (Letters from Chukotka): Part 3: Lavrentiya, Letter number 24, 21 December'') (2001) Epicentre Publishing.〕 Following the formation of the village, in December 1930 the Kultbaza in Lavrentiya became the administrative centre for the Chukotka National District (not to be confused with the current Chukotsky District), though in April 1932, this was switched to Anadyr.〔V. Nikiforov (''Уездная история'' ) (''County History'') (2011) Krayny Sever〕 In December 1933, at a meeting of the District CPSU, the question was raised in Lavrentiya concerning the potential transfer of district institutions for what is now Chukotsky District to Lavrentiya from their current position in Uelen.〔 Transfer ultimately took place but was slow. A final decision was not made until late in 1940, the first institutions did not actually move until 1942 and, because of World War 2, were not completed until 1946.〔 With the shift in district administration to Lavrentiya, a new airfield was built and during World War 2 this was used for Lend-Lease flights.〔〔Institute of Geography (''Лаврентия'' ) (''Lavrentiya'')〕
In 1955, a regular air route was established between Lavrentiya and Uelen,〔 and in 1958, a number of Yupik who lived at were relocated to the village following the closure of Naukan.〔Unknown, (''Советская Чукотка'' ) (''Soviet Chukotka'') Chukotka Autnonmous Okrug Portal of State Bodies〕
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