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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Lead-tin-yellow ： ウィキペディア英語版 Lead-tin-yellow Lead-tin-yellow is a yellow pigment, of historical importance in oil painting, also known as the "Yellow of the Old Masters" Lead-tin-yellow occurred in two varieties. The first and more common one, today known as "Type I", was a lead stannate, an oxide of lead and tin with the formula Pb2SnO4. The second, "Type II", was a silicate of lead tin oxide with the formula Pb(Sn,Si)O3.〔Hermann Kühn, 1967, "Blei-Zinn-Gelb und seine Verwendung in der Malerei", ''Farbe und Lack'' 73: 938-949〕 Lead-tin-yellow was produced by heating a powder mixture of lead oxide and tin oxide, in "Type II" combining the mixture with quartz. Its hue is a rather saturated yellow. The pigment is opaque and lightfast. It is also highly poisonous due to the lead component. The origin of lead-tin-yellow can be dated back to at least the thirteenth century when Type II was applied in frescos, perhaps having been discovered as a by-product of crystal glass production. Until the eighteenth century Type I was the standard yellow used in oil painting. It was then almost completely replaced in use by Naples yellow. In the nineteenth century its existence had been forgotten and its application was only in 1941 rediscovered by the German scientist Richard Jakobi.〔Richard Jacobi, 1941, "Über den in der Malerei verwendeten gelben Farbstoff der Alten Meister", ''Zeitschrift für Angewandte Chemie'' 54: 28–29〕 That it faded from collective memory has been explained by a confusion with massicot, the name of which was also applied to lead-tin-yellow. The term "lead-tin-yellow", a literal translation of German ''Blei-Zinn-Gelb'', is therefore a modern designation, not the historical name of the pigment. In English it used to be called "general" after the Italian ''giallorino''. After 1967, Hermann Kühn proved its general use in the traditional oil technique of earlier centuries, also distinguishing the Type I and Type II varieties.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lead-tin-yellow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.