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Leinamycin
==Introduction== Leinamycin is an 18-membered macrolactam produced by several species of Streptomyces atroolivaceus. This macrolactam has also been shown to exhibit antitumor properties as well as antimicrobial properties against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.〔Kara, M; Asano, K; Kawamoto, I; Takiouchi, T; Katsumata, S; Takahashi, K-I; Nakano, H. Leinamycin, a New Antitumor Antibiotic from Streptomyces; Producing Organism, Fermentation and Isolation. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 1989, 42, 1768-1774.〕 The presence of a spiro-fused 1,3-dioxo-1,2-dithiolane moiety was a unique structural property at the time of this compound’s discovery and it plays an important role in Leinamycin’s antitumor and antibacterial properties due to its ability to inhibit DNA synthesis.〔Kara, M; Saitoh, Y; Nakano, H. DNA Strand Scission by the Novel Antitumor Antibiotic Leinamycin. Biochemistry 1990, 29, 5676-5681.〕〔Asai, A; Kara, M; Kakita, S; Kanday, Y; Yoshida, M; Saito, H; Saitoh, Y. Thiol-Mediated DNA Alkylation by the Novel Antitumor Antibiotic Leinamycin. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 6802-6803.〕
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