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Lemkovina ((ポーランド語:Łemkowszczyzna); /''Lemkovina''; (ウクライナ語:Лемківщина) ''Lemkivshina'') is a region in Europe that is traditionally inhabited by the Lemko people. While the Lemko are a distinct ethnic group, they consider themselves to be part of the broader Rusyn and/or Ukrainian communities. Lemkovina mostly stretches along the border between Poland and Slovakia covering some western territories of Ukraine. The region forms an ethnographic peninsula long and wide from the Ukrainian border within Polish and Slovak territory. The Lemko region occupies the lowest part of the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains—most of the Low Beskids, the western part of the Middle Beskyd, and the eastern fringe of the Western Beskyd. It includes the higher elevations of the Carpathians of modern-day Poland, extending to around the Poprad River to the west (see: Ruś Szlachtowska), and extending to the east as far as the region around Sanok, where it meets the Boyko region. The corresponding latitudes of the adjacent highlands of present-day Slovakia are also included by some in the description of Lemko-land. Previously a frontier area under the nominal control of Great Moravia, Lemkivshchyna became part of Poland in medieval Piast times. It was made part of the Austrian province of Galicia due to the First Partition of Poland in 1772. Parts were briefly independent under the Lemko-Rusyn Republic, and later annexed to Poland. After the deportation of Lemkos from the northern part of this area in 1946, only the southern section, southwest of the Carpathian Mountains, known as the Prešov region in Slovakia, has remained inhabited by Lemkos. The landscape is typical of medium-height-mountain terrain, with ridges reaching and sometimes . Only small parts of southern Low Beskids and the northern San river region have a low-mountain landscape. A series of mountain passes along the Torysa River and Poprad River—Tylych Pass (), Dukla Pass (), and Łupków Pass ()—facilitate communications between Galician and Transcarpathian Lemkos. ==Publications== *"Łemkowie Grupa Etniczna czy Naród"?, (Lemkos: An Ethnic Group or a Nation? ), trans. Paul Best :pl:Paul Best *"The Lemkos of Poland" - Articles and Essays, editor Paul Best and Jarosław Moklak *"The Lemko Region, 1939–1947 War, Occupation and Deportation" - Articles and Essays, editor Paul Best and Jarosław Moklak (avail. from: Inter-Ed, Inc, New Haven, CT) *(SFULO - World federation of Ukrainian Lemko Unions ) *(LEMKY.COM - Lemkos Portal ) *(Magazine "Lemkivshchyna" ) *(lemko.org ) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lemkivshchyna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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