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Leteprinim
Leteprinim (Neotrofin, AIT-082) is a hypoxanthine derivative drug with neuroprotective and nootropic effects.〔Di Iorio P, Virgilio A, Giuliani P, Ballerini P, Vianale G, Middlemiss PJ, Rathbone MP, Ciccarelli R. AIT-082 is neuroprotective against kainate-induced neuronal injury in rats. ''Experimental Neurology''. 2001 Jun;169(2):392-9. PMID 11358452〕〔Lahiri DK, Ge YW, Farlow MR. Effect of a memory-enhancing drug, AIT-082, on the level of synaptophysin. ''Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences''. 2000 Apr;903:387-93. PMID 10818529〕〔Yan R, Nguyen Q, Gonzaga J, Johnson M, Ritzmann RF, Taylor EM. Reversal of cycloheximide-induced memory disruption by AIT-082 (Neotrofin) is modulated by, but not dependent on, adrenal hormones. ''Psychopharmacology (Berlin)''. 2003 Apr;166(4):400-7. PMID 12605287〕 It stimulates release of nerve growth factors and enhances survival of neurons in the brain,〔Rathbone MP, Middlemiss PJ, Crocker CE, Glasky MS, Juurlink BH, Ramirez JJ, Ciccarelli R, Di Iorio P, Caciagli F. AIT-082 as a potential neuroprotective and regenerative agent in stroke and central nervous system injury. ''Expert Opinion in Investigational Drugs''. 1999 Aug;8(8):1255-62. PMID 15992149〕〔Ramirez JJ, Parakh T, George MN, Freeman L, Thomas AA, White CC, Becton A. The effects of Neotrofin on septodentate sprouting after unilateral entorhinal cortex lesions in rats. ''Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience''. 2002;20(1-2):51-9. PMID 12237496〕〔Holmes M, Maysinger D, Foerster A, Pertens E, Barlas C, Diamond J. Neotrofin, a novel purine that induces NGF-dependent nociceptive nerve sprouting but not hyperalgesia in adult rat skin. ''Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience''. 2003 Nov;24(3):568-80. PMID 14664808〕〔Jiang S, Khan MI, Middlemiss PJ, Lu Y, Werstiuk ES, Crocker CE, Ciccarelli R, Caciagli F, Rathbone MP. AIT-082 and methylprednisolone singly, but not in combination, enhance functional and histological improvement after acute spinal cord injury in rats. ''International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology''. 2004 Sep-Dec;17(3):353-66. PMID 15461869〕〔Calcutt NA, Freshwater JD, Hauptmann N, Taylor EM, Mizisin AP. Protection of sensory function in diabetic rats by Neotrofin. ''European Journal of Pharmacology''. 2006 Mar 18;534(1-3):187-93. PMID 16507305〕 and is under development as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and stroke.〔Potkin SG, Alva G, Keator D, Carreon D, Fleming K, Fallon JH. Brain metabolic effects of Neotrofin in patients with Alzheimer's disease. ''Brain Research''. 2002 Sep 27;951(1):87-95. PMID 12231461〕〔Johnston TH, Brotchie JM. Drugs in development for Parkinson's disease. ''Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs''. 2004 Jul;5(7):720-6. PMID 15298067〕
== References ==
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