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Leucotrichum
''Leucotrichum'' is a fern genus in the family Polypodiaceae. It is one of about 26 genera of grammitids, an unranked clade within Polypodiaceae.〔Michael A. Sundue, Melissa B. Islam, and Tom A. Ranker. 2010. "Systematics of Grammitid Ferns (Polypodiaceae): Using Morphology and Plastid Sequence Data to Resolve the Circumscriptions of Melpomene and the Polyphyletic Genera Lellingeria and Terpsichore" ''Systematic Botany'' 35(4):701-715(15). (See ''External links'' below).〕 The name of the genus refers to the white hairs that are usually present on the underside of the frond.〔Paulo H. Labiak, Germinal Rouhan, and Michael A. Sundue. 2010. "Phylogeny and taxonomy of ''Leucotrichum'' (Polypodiaceae): A new genus of grammitid ferns from the Neotropics". ''Taxon'' 59(3):911-921.〕
''Leucotrichum'' was established in 2010 and has five species. The type species for the genus is ''Leucotrichum organense''.〔 Four of the species had been in ''Lellingeria'', and one, ''Leucotrichum mortonii'', had been in the defunct genus ''Xiphopteris''.
''Leucotrichum'' has a disjunct distribution. ''Leucotrichum organense'' and ''Leucotrichum schenckii'' are endemic to the Atlantic moist forests of coastal southeastern Brazil. ''Leucotrichum mortonii'' is known only from Cuba and the Dominican Republic. ''Leucotrichum pseudomitchellae'' occurs in Costa Rica and Panama. ''Leucotrichum mitchellae'' ranges through Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.〔
==History==
In 2004, a phylogenetic study of DNA sequences of grammitids showed that a few species of ''Lellingeria'' are not closely related to the others.〔Tom A. Ranker, Alan R. Smith, Barbara S. Parris, Jennifer M.O. Geiger, Christopher H. Haufler, Shannon C.K. Straub, and Harald Schneider. 2004. "Phylogeny and evolution of grammitid ferns (Grammitidaceae): a case of rampant morphological homoplasy". ''Taxon'' 53(2):415-428.〕 They are sister to a clade of 26 species which at that time were in the genus ''Terpsichore''. This was confirmed six years later in another molecular phylogenetic study on the grammitids.〔 In 2010, four species from ''Lellingeria'' and one from ''Xiphopteris'' were transferred to the new genus ''Leucotrichum''.〔 The clade of 26 species that is sister to ''Leucotrichum'' was named as a new genus, ''Alansmia'', in 2011.〔Michael Kessler, Ana Laura Moguel Velázquez, Michael A. Sundue and Paulo H. Labiak. 2011. "''Alansmia'', a new genus of grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae) segregated from ''Terpsichore''. ''Brittonia'' 63(2):233-244. 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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