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Lezhë ((アルバニア語:Lezha) or ''Lezhë'', (:ˈlɛʒə); (イタリア語:Alessio), (ギリシア語:Λισσός, Lissòs), (トルコ語:Leş)) is a town and municipality in northwest Albania, in the county with the same name. In ancient history it was an ancient Greek colony named Lissus. The latter is an Archaeological Park of Albania. The present municipality was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Balldren, Blinisht, Dajç, Kallmet, Kolsh, Lezhë, Shëngjin, Shënkoll, Ungrej and Zejmen, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Lezhë.〔(Law nr. 115/2014 )〕 The total population is 65,633 (2011 census), in a total area of 509.10 km2.〔(Interactive map administrative territorial reform )〕 The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 15,510.〔(2011 census results )〕 ==History== Originally an Illyrian settlement, the city dates back to at least 8th century BC. Around 385 BC, a Greek colony was found by Dionysius I of Syracuse by the name of Lissos (Λισσός),〔Mogens Herman Hansen, ''In An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis'', Oxford University Press, 2004, page 322, ISBN 0-19-814099-1〕 as part of a strategy by Dionysius to secure Syracusan trade routes along the Adriatic.〔Evans, A., Destani, B., (''Ancient Illyria, an archeological exploration'' ). IB Tauris, 2007. p. 276.〕 Diodorus calls it a polis.〔 The city was separated into sectors by ''diateichisma''〔 ((ギリシア語:διατείχισμα), "cross-wall"〔(διατείχισμα ), Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus Digital Library〕) and there are elements of Syracusan architecture in part of its walls. At a later time it came under Illyrian rule. In 211 BC, Philip V of Macedon captured the citadel of Akrolissos, and Lissos surrendered to him.〔Polybius 8.13-14〕 The town was later recovered by the Illyrians. It was in Lissos that Perseus of Macedon negotiated an alliance against Rome with the Illyrian king Gentius, and it was from Lissos that Gentius organized his army against the Romans. Lissos maintained a large degree of municipal autonomy under both Macedonian and Illyrian rule, as evidenced by the coins minted there.〔 The city was of some importance in the Roman Civil War, being taken by Marc Antony and then remaining loyal to Caesar. In Roman times, the city was part of the province of Epirus Nova,〔Epirus Vetus: The Archaeology of a Late Antique Province (Duckworth Archaeology) by William Bowden, 2003, ISBN 0-7156-3116-0,2003, page 233, of Lissos in Epirus Nova〕 its name Latinized as ''Lissus''.〔Diodorus Siculus, "Library", 15.13 at (Perseus )〕 From 2004 an excavation started around the ancient Acropolis of Lissos and the Skanderbeg Memorial, which revealed Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine buildings, tombs and other findings.〔(Karl-Franzens Universitat, Lissus excavation report 2004. )〕 In Middle Ages Lissus (then known as Alessio) frequently changed masters until the Venetians took possession of it in 1386. It still belonged to them when Skanderbeg died, but In 1478 it fell into the hands of Turks during the siege of Shkodra, with the exception of a short period (1501–1506) when it returned to Venetian domination.〔(Catholic Encyclopedia, article "Alessio (Lissus, Alexiensis)" )〕 Because it was under the Venetian control, it was chosen in 1444 by George Castrioti (Skanderbeg) as a neutral place for the convention of Albanian, Serbian, Dalmatian and other lords of the area aiming at organizing their common defence against the Turks.〔Schmitt Jens O.(2009) Skanderbeg, Der neue Alexander auf dem Balkan, Verlag Friedrich Pustet, pp. 55,56〕 According to other historians, Lezhë is considered as the site of the League of Lezhë where Skanderbeg united the Albanian princes in the fight against the Ottoman Empire. Skanderbeg was buried in the cathedral of Lezhë which was dedicated to Saint Nicholas and later used as Selimie Mosque. Lezhë has also been known by the Italian form of its name, ''Alessio'' and in the 19th century as Alise, Lesch, Eschenderari, or Mrtav (Catholic Encyclopedia). Today Lezhë is a growing city. Its proximity to the port of Shëngjin as well as its location on the national road between the Montenegrin border to the North and Tirana to the South make it an attractive location for industry and business. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lezhë」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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