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The Liancourt Rocks dispute is a territorial dispute between Japan and South Korea. Both countries〔(The History of Dokdo (pdf)(English) (Japanese) ) North Asian History Foundation; direct link to texts provided separately as finding it is problematic although the following government page refers to the NAHF home page.〕〔(Dokdo Issues ) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Korea; mostly visuals and multimedia with scanty text information if any〕〔(The Issue of Takeshima ) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan〕 claim sovereignty over the Liancourt Rocks, a group of small islets in the Sea of Japan. North Korea also claims sovereignty of the islands. The Liancourt Rocks have been administered by South Korea since 1954 by the Korea Coast Guard. This action was taken after the United States stated in the Rusk documents that the Japanese claim to the Liancourt Rocks would not be renounced in their peace treaty with Japan. In 1954, Japan proposed a reference to the International Court of Justice, which South Korea rejected, believing that the Liancourt Rocks are irrefutably South Korean territories, and thus should not be dealt through diplomatic negotiations or judicial settlement between South Korea and Japan.〔http://www.mofat.go.kr/english/political/hotissues/dokdo/index.jsp〕 There are conflicting interpretations about the historical state of sovereignty over the islets. Korean claims are partly based on references to a Korean island called ''Usan-do'' () in various historical records, maps and encyclopedias such as the ''Samguk Sagi'' (), ''Annals of the Joseon Dynasty'' (), ''Dongguk Yeoji Seungnam'' (), and ''Dongguk munheon bigo'' (). According to the Korean view, these refer to today's Liancourt Rocks, while the Japanese researchers of these documents have stated that the various references to Usan-do refer at different times to Jukdo, its neighboring island Ulleungdo, or a non-existent island between Ulleungdo and Korea.〔(【引用サイトリンク】format=PDF ) p. 4; Article 2, para. 2: "Such description... rather reminds us of Utsuryo Island." para. 3: "A study... criticizes... that Usan Island and Utsuryo Island are two names for one island." para. 4: "that island does not exist at all in reality."〕 Researchers disagree on who first had administrative control over the islets due to ambiguities in early historical records and maps, partly due to changes in the names of the islands in the area over the years. ==The Three Kingdoms period== Samguk Sagi (''History of Three Kingdoms'') recorded that in 512, the 13th reign year of King Jijeung of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, General Kim Isabu conquered Usan, whence it submitted yearly tributes to the Silla court. The ''Samguk Sagi'' mentions that Usan had been an independent kingdom based on Ulleungdo.〔 "十三年夏六月,于山國帰服,歳以士宜為貢于山國,在溟州正東海島,或名欝陵島,地方一百里,恃嶮不服,伊異斯夫,為何瑟羅州軍主,謂于山人愚悍難以威来,可以計服,乃多造木偶師子,分載戦船,抵其国海岸誑告白,汝若不服,則放此猛獣,踏殺之,國人恐懼則降." The character "do" (島) refers to island, whereas "guk" (國) refers to state/nation. See (三国史記「干山国帰服す」画像 ). 三国史記-卷四·新羅本紀·智証麻立干 智証王13年(512年)夏6月条〕 Based on the story of Usan, contemporary chroniclers believed Usando to be one and the same island as Ulleungdo.〔Kazuo Hori. "Japan's Incorporation of Takeshima into Its Territory in 1905". Korea Observer. Autumn 1997. p. 480〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Liancourt Rocks dispute」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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