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Liaoshen Campaign
The Liaoshen Campaign (), the abbreviation of Liaoning-Shenyang Campaign, was part of the three major campaigns along with Huaihai Campaign and Pingjin Campaign launched by the People's Liberation Army (PLA) during the late stage of the Chinese Civil War. This engagement is known in the Nationalist Government as the Battle of Liaohsi (Traditional Chinese: 遼西會戰). It took place between September and November 1948 and lasted a total of 52 days. The campaign concluded as PLA defeated the Nationalist forces in Shenyang, Changchun and Jinzhou, capturing all of Manchuria.
== Background ==
After the winter offensive of 1947 in Manchuria, the PLA had expanded into 13 infantry armies, one artillery army, 15 independent divisions as well as 3 cavalry divisions, approximately 54 divisions consisting of over 700,000 men in a field army. The Communist forces also had approximately 300,000 irregulars, effectively controlling 97% percent of the land and 86% of the population in Manchuria by August 1948. While the Nationalist government still had a strength of 44 divisions, a total of 550,000 men including the police force, the PLA had reached numerical superiority.
The Nationalist forces were isolated in Shenyang, Changchun and Jinzhou, none of which were connected to each other. In addition, the PLA had control of Jingha Railway, cutting off the supply line to Shenyang and Changchun. Since the supplies had to be airlifted with enormous difficulties, the Nationalist government were prepared to retreat from Changchun and Shenyang and withdraw to Jinzhou when necessary to prevent the PLA forces in Manchuria from entering Shanhai Pass.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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