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Liaodong Peninsula
The Liaodong Peninsula () is a peninsula in Liaoning Province of Northeast China, historically known in the West as Southeastern Manchuria. Liaodong (formerly spelled Liaotung) means "East of the Liao River"; referring to the Liao River which divided the Yan commanderies of Liaoxi () (West of the Liao River) and Liaodong during time of the Warring States period. == Geography == The peninsula lies in the north of the Yellow Sea, between the Bohai Sea to the west and Korea Bay to the east. It forms the southern part of a mountain belt that continues northward in the Changbai Mountains. The part of the mountain range on the peninsula is known as the Qianshan Mountains, named after Qian Mountain in Anshan, which includes Dahei Mountain in Dalian. The peninsula has two seaports: Dalian, which lies midway along the peninsula at its narrowest point, and Port Arthur/Lushun (now part of the greater Dalian City), which is located at its southernmost point. Lüshun/Port Arthur has a large lake-like naturally-protected harbor and a semi-sheltered outer roadstead, which made it very attractive to imperialist powers at the end of the nineteenth century. Dalny/Dairen/Dalian's harbor, on the southeastern coast of the peninsula, required greater investment, initially supplied by the Russians, but turned into a first-class city during the period of Japanese administration (1905–1945). The two ports are about apart by rail, but about apart by sea. Lüshun is 550 rail miles south of the Manchurian railroad hub city of Harbin on the historic Southern Manchurian Railway (today's China Far East Railway (CER), the construction of which gave rise (in part) to the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905).
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