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Lindau is a major Bavarian town and an island on the eastern side of Lake Constance, a freshwater lake called ''Bodensee'' in German. It is the capital of the ''Landkreis'' or rural district of Lindau, near the borders of Austria (Vorarlberg) and Switzerland (St. Gallen and Thurgau). Lindau is part of Bavarian Swabia. The coat of arms of Lindau town is a lime tree. The historic town of Lindau is located on an island, which is connected with the mainland by a road-traffic bridge and a railway dam leading to Lindau station. == History == The first use of the name Lindau was documented in 882 by a monk from St. Gallen, stating that Adalbert (count of Raetia) had founded a nunnery on the island. However the remains of an early Roman settlement dating back to the 1st century have been found in the district of Aeschach. In 1180, St. Stephan's church was founded. In 1224 the Franciscans founded a monastery on the island. In 1274/75 Lindau became an Imperial Free City under King Rudolf I. The terminology 'city' here means German Große Kreisstadt, which is an exception due to Lindau's rather small population of only c. 24454. In 1430, about 15 of Lindau's Jews were burned at the stake after being accused of murdering a Christian child.〔S Rieger, G Jochem (HP Sinclair ), "Chronology of the History of the Jews of Bavaria", 2006. http://www.rijo.homepage.t-online.de/pdf/EN_BY_JU_bye.pdf&usg=AFQjCNEAO45HwiMMJ-xTp2kRLebyl68n5Q, accessed 16 October 2008.〕〔L Zunz, A Löwy, GA Kohut, ''The Sufferings of the Jews During the Middle Ages'', pp. 75-76, New York: Bloch, 1907. http://books.google.com/books?id=f18LAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#PPA75,M1 , accessed 16 October 2008.〕 In 1528, Lindau accepted the Protestant Reformation. Lindau first followed the Tetrapolitan Confession, and then the Augsburg Confession. In 1655, after the Thirty Years' War, the first ''Lindauer Kinderfest'' (children's festival) was held, in memory of the war. Lindau lost its status as an Imperial Free City in 1802, after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. The city went to Karl August von Bretzenheim who gave Lindau and the monastery to the Kingdom of Austria in 1804. In 1805 Austria returned Lindau to Bavaria. In 1853 a dam was built to connect the railway from Munich to the island. In 1856 a new harbour was built, with its characteristic landmarks, the lion sculpture and Bavaria's only lighthouse. In 1922 the independent districts of Aeschach, Hoyren and Reutin merged with the Lindau district. After World War II, Lindau fell under French administration and went firstly to Württemberg-Hohenzollern and then to the State of Baden-Württemberg. In 1955, Lindau returned to Bavaria. Lindau is located near the meeting point of the Austrian, German and Swiss borders and is nestled on the lake in front of Austria's Pfänder mountain. Lindau is popular with sightseers and holidaymakers for its medieval town centre and picturesque location on Lake Constance. The Nobel Laureate Meetings at Lindau〔(Meeting of Nobel Laureates in Lindau )〕 began in 1951 and brings many Nobel Prize laureates to Lindau each year. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lindau」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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