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Lisbon (; (ポルトガル語:Lisboa), ) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal, with a population of 552,700〔(Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) ), Census 2011 results according to the 2013 administrative division of Portugal〕 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km².〔(Direção-Geral do Território )〕 Its urban area extends beyond the city's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people, being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union.〔(Demographia: World Urban Areas ), March 2010〕 About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (which represents approximately 27% of the country's population).〔(Diário da República, 1.ª série — N.º 176 — 12 de setembro de 2013 ) - Assembly of the Republic (Portugal), 2013〕 It is continental Europe's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast. Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus. The westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe. Lisbon is recognised as a global city because of its importance in finance, commerce, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, education and tourism.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The World According to GaWC 2010 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Inventory of World Cities )〕 It is one of the major economic centres on the continent, with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe's Atlantic coast.〔("Avance del Plan Territorial Sectorial de la Red Intermodal y Logística del Transporte de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco" ) – Eusko Jaurlaritza – Gobierno Vasco〕 Lisbon Portela Airport serves over 18 million passengers annually, as of 2014,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ANA - Aeroportos de Portugal SA (via noodls) / 18 million: Lisbon Airport reaches new passenger record )〕 and the motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alta Velocidade em Síntese )〕 The city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe, after Istanbul, Rome, Barcelona, Madrid, Athens and Milan, with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009. The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal. It also ranks as the 10th highest GDP of metropolitan areas in the EU amounting to 110 billion euros and thus €39,375 per capita, 40% higher than the average European Union's GDP per capita. The city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world.〔("Ranking: The richest cities in the world" ) – City Mayors.com〕 Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area.〔("Lisboa é 9ª cidade que mais recebe congressos internacionais" ) – Agência LUSA〕 It is also the political centre of the country, as seat of Government and residence of the Head of State. Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world, and the oldest in Western Europe, predating other modern European capitals such as London, Paris and Rome by centuries. Julius Caesar made it a municipium called ''Felicitas Julia'', adding to the name ''Olissipo''. Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century, it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century. In 1147, the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political, economic and cultural centre of Portugal. Unlike most capital cities, Lisbon's status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially – by statute or in written form. Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention, making its position as ''de facto'' capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal. Lisbon enjoys a Mediterranean climate. Among all the metropoleis in Europe, it has the warmest winters, with average temperatures during the day and at night from December to February. The typical summer season lasts about six months, from May to October, although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around . ==Etymology== The name of Lisbon can be traced back to Phoenician times, according to one of several conjectures on the origin of Lisbon's toponymy, or alternatively, to the legend that Odysseus founded Lisbon. Another conjecture suggests that the settlement took the name of the pre-Roman word for the Tagus (''Lisso'' or ''Lucio''). Lisbon's name was written ''Ulyssippo'' in Latin by the geographer Pomponius Mela, a native of Hispania. It was later referenced as "Olisippo" by Pliny the Elder and by the Greeks as ''Olissipo'' (Ὀλισσιπών) or ''Olissipona'' (Ὀλισσιπόνα). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lisbon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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