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''Lithobates'' is a subgenus of true frogs, of the family Ranidae. The name was defined by Hillis et al. for a subgenus of four Central and South American frogs within the genus ''Rana''.〔Hillis, David M. & Wilcox, Thomas P. (2005). Phylogeny of the New World true frogs (Rana). ''Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.'' 34: 299–314. (PDF fulltext )〕〔Hillis, David M. (2007). Constraints in naming parts of the Tree of Life. ''Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.'' 42: 331–338. PMID 16997582 (PDF fulltext )〕 The name is derived from ''litho-'' (stone) and the Greek ' (, one who treads), meaning who treads on rock or rock climber.〔 one that treads or covers〕 The name was later used by Frost et al. as the name of a separate genus of ranid frogs that also includes most of the North American frogs traditionally included in the genus ''Rana'',〔Frost, Darrel R. (2006). Amphibian Species of the World Version 3 - (Petropedetidae Noble, 1931 ). American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Retrieved 2006-AUG-05., Frost, Darrel R. et al. (2006): The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Number 297. New York.〕 including the American bullfrog and northern leopard frog. Frost used the name in this sense in the frog section of a North American common names list edited by Crother (2008).〔Crother, B.I. (ed.) (2008). Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North American north of Mexico - (). SSAR Herptological Circular 37:1-84.〕 This proposed change has since been rejected in all recent systematic reviews, such as Stuart (2008)〔Stuart, Bryan L. (2008). The phylogenetic problem of ''Huia'' (Amphibia: Ranidae). ''Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.'' 46(1): 49-60. (HTMl abstract)〕 and Pauly et al. (2009).〔Pauly, Greg B., Hillis, David M. & Cannatella, David C. (2009). Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names. ''Herpetologica'' 65: 115-128. (PDF fulltext )〕 AmphibiaWeb,〔AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. (application ). (2012). Berkeley, California: (''Rana'' ). AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: August 20, 2012).〕 an online compendium of amphibian names, also does not recognize ''Lithobates'' as a distinct genus, but ''Amphibian Species of the World'' 5.6, an online reference, continues to use ''Lithobates'' as a genus,〔(''Lithobates'' ), American Museum of Natural History.〕 even though its recognition would render the rest of ''Rana'' paraphyletic (Hillis, 2007; Pauly et al., 2009). ==Species== * ''Rana bwana'' Hillis and de Sá, 1988 – Rio Chipillico frog * ''Rana catesbeiana'' Shaw, 1802 – American Bullfrog * ''Rana grylio'' Stejneger, 1901 – Pig frog * ''Rana juliani'' Hillis and de Sá, 1988 – Maya Mountains frog * ''Rana palmipes'' Spix, 1824 – Amazon River frog * ''Rana vaillanti'' Brocchi, 1877 – Vaillant's frog 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lithobates」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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