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Lithostrotia
Lithostrotia is a clade of derived titanosaur sauropods that lived during the Early Cretaceous and Late Cretaceous. The group was defined by Unchurch ''et al.'' in 2004 as the most recent common ancestor of ''Malawisaurus'' and ''Saltasaurus'' and all the descendants of that ancestor. Lithostrotia is derived from the Ancient Greek ''lithostros'', meaning "inlaid with stones", referring to the fact that many known lithostrotians are preserved with osteoderms. However, osteoderms are not a distinguishing feature of the group, as the two noted by Unchurch ''et al.'' include caudal vertebrae with strongly concave front faces (procoely), although the farthest vertebrae are not procoelous.
==History of research==
In 1895, Richard Lydekker named the family Titanosauridae to summarize sauropods with procoelous (concave on the front) caudal vertebrae.〔 The name Titanosauridae has since been widely used, and was defined by Salgado and colleagues (1997), Gonzalaz-Riga (2003) and Salgado (2003) as node-based taxon. According to a proposal by Wilson and Upchurch (2003) looks today much of the research on the use of that name from: Wilson and Upchurch published a revision of the genus ''Titanosaurus'' and declare the type species ''Titanosaurus indicus'' as invalid because it is based only on two vertebrae of the tail, showing no diagnostically usable features. Consistently these authors consider ranking groups that are based on ''Titanosaurus'' as the nominal taxon, Titanosauridae, Titanosaurinae and Titanosauroidea - also considered invalid. In 2004 Upchurch and colleagues presented the new group Lithostrotia to describe the same group as Titanosauridae, but instead it was not based upon a specific taxon. The name Lithostrotia is not currently recognized by all researchers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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