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Lochwinnoch (, (スコットランド・ゲール語:Loch Eanach))〔(List of railway station names in English, Scots and Gaelic – NewsNetScotland )〕 is a village in the council area and historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. Lying on the banks of Castle Semple Loch and the River Calder, Lochwinnoch is chiefly a residential dormitory village serving nearby urban centres such as Glasgow and Paisley. Its population in 2001 was 2628.〔(Overview of Lochwinnoch )〕 The Town also lends its name to a civil parish of some of the surrounding countryside, including the nearby village of Howwood. The parish borders seven others: Beith, Kilbarchan, Kilbirnie, Kilmacolm, Largs, Neilston and Paisley.〔(Overview of Parish of Lochwinnoch )〕 ==History== Lochwinnoch is first recorded in the 12th Century as a parish under the higher control of Paisley and Renfrew, but the area has been inhabited since the neolithic period. The village's name probably derives from the Gaelic ''Loch eanach'' meaning 'loch of the birds', though local tradition attributes it to St Winnoc. The early 18th-century St John's Church, also known as 'Auld Simon' (whose front gable still stands at the eastern end of the High Street), was probably built on the site of a pre-Reformation church dating to the Medieval period. It is dedicated to St. John, hence the name of Johnshill, more properly St. John's Hill, and St. John's well, located in the garden adjacent to the Church Yard. Janet Pollock and James Tannahill, the parents of Robert Tannahill, were married here on (29 August 1763 ). Auld Simon's early 19th-century replacement, the Church of Scotland-administered Parish Church, complements the formal open space of Harvey Square, on Church Street. Built not far from the village of Lochwinnoch, Barr Castle is a 15th-century keep which was altered in the 16th century (and probably later, too). The gables of the castle have collapsed, apart from the chimney stack which juts up into the sky. Not much survives of the former courtyard of the castle. The main hall was on the first floor, reached by a turnpike stair, which continued to the rooms on the upper floors. It is clearly visible from the A760 road going south from the village to Kilbirnie. It was built by the Glen family but passed in the late 16th century to the Hamiltons of Ferguslie. A door lintel has a date of 1680 and the initials L.H./I.C. The family abandoned it in the 18th century in favour of a new house. The family, variously known as Sempill, Sempil, Sempel and Semple, had probably owned estates in the area from as early as the 13th century. Robert Semple, Steward of the barony of Renfrew during the reign of Alexander II, was recorded as living in Elliston Castle, whose ruins lie near Howwood. At some point, probably in the 15th century, the family built a tower keep at the east end of the north shore of the Loch. The Semples of Elliston fought for Robert the Bruce and were appointed Hereditary Sheriffs of Renfrewshire and Hereditary Baillies of Paisley. They were later designated as Lords Semple. The Semples steadily grew in power to become the Steward's hereditary Baillies of Renfrewshire. Their extensive land holdings, Castle Semple, constituted some areas of Lochwinnoch and its hinterland. In 1504 John, the first Lord Semple, built the Lochwinnoch Collegiate Church, which became one of Scotland's finest church schools. Its ruins can be found in Parkhill woods on the edge of the village. John was killed at the Battle of Flodden. In 1727 the Semples sold the estate to the MacDowalls of Garthland. Their mansion house burned down in 1924. Castle Semple House remains only as ruined buildings, such as the west gate, the garden wall, and a hexagonal building known as The Temple, which was built in 1770 on a hill overlooking the Loch. In 1795, nine mills were built in Lochwinnoch. The village developed mainly to accommodate the work force.〔("Historical perspective for Lochwinnoch" ), Scottish Places]〕 As such, the village was first established as a planned community, rather than one evolving over time. Furniture manufacturers became established in the village in the 19th century. Lochwinnoch-made furniture was to be found on the great Clyde-built liners of the early 20th century, such as the ''Lusitania,'' ''Queen Mary,'' ''Queen Elizabeth'' and the ''RMS Titanic.''〔(Renfrewshire Community Website - Lochwinnoch )〕 Today, Lochwinnoch chiefly serves as a residential village, as well as a satellite to the major city of Glasgow. In 1972, a number of buildings in the village were brought within a Lochwinnoch conservation area administered by the local authority.〔(Renfrewshire Community Website - Lochwinnoch Conservation Area )〕 Lochwinnoch Primary School, the only school in the village, celebrated its centenary in 2005. In 2003 it was the centre of a notable alien big cat sighting scare. Children were kept inside during break times, and a police helicopter was brought in to search for the animal.〔()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lochwinnoch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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