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Lodore
''Lodore'', also published under the title ''The Beautiful Widow'', is the penultimate novel by Romantic novelist Mary Shelley, completed in 1833 and published in 1835.〔Vargo, Introduction to ''Lodore'', 14; Bunnell, 153. Mary Shelley finished ''Lodore'' in 1833, but the book was delayed at the publishers.〕 ==Plot and themes== In ''Lodore'', Shelley focused her theme of power and responsibility on the microcosm of the family.〔Bennett, ''An Introduction'', 91–92, 97.〕 The central story follows the fortunes of the wife and daughter of the title character, Lord Lodore, who is killed in a duel at the end of the first volume, leaving a trail of legal, financial, and familial obstacles for the two "heroines" to negotiate. Mary Shelley places female characters at the centre of the ensuing narratives: Lodore's daughter, Ethel, raised to be over-dependent on paternal control; his estranged wife, Cornelia, preoccupied with the norms and appearances of aristocratic society; and the intellectual and independent Fanny Derham, with whom both are contrasted.〔Bennett, ''An Introduction'', 93–95; Bunnell, 155.〕 The novel's modern editor, Lisa Vargo, has noted the text's engagement with political and ideological issues, particularly the education and social role of women.〔Vargo, Introduction to ''Lodore'', 21, 32.〕 She suggests that ''Lodore'' dissects a patriarchal culture that separated the sexes and pressured women into dependence on men.〔As Vargo points out, for example, Mary Shelley emphasises that "Ethel had received, so to speak, a sexual education" (''Lodore'', Vol. III, Chap 2). Vargo, Introduction to ''Lodore'', 35.〕 In the view of critic Betty T. Bennett, "the novel proposes egalitarian educational paradigms for women and men, which would bring social justice as well as the spiritual and intellectual means by which to meet the challenges life invariably brings".〔Bennett, ''An Introduction'', 92, 96.〕
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