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Lunatic
:''"Loony" redirects here. For the Canadian 1 dollar coin (loonie), see Canadian 1 dollar coin. Or see Looney or Luni.''
Lunatic is an informal term referring to a person who is considered mentally ill, dangerous, foolish or unpredictable, conditions once attributed to lunacy. The term may be considered insulting in serious contexts in modern times, but is now more likely to be used in friendly jest. The word derives from ''lunaticus'' meaning "of the moon" or "moonstruck". The term was once commonly used in law.
==History==
The term "lunatic" derives from the Latin word ''lunaticus'', which originally referred mainly to epilepsy and madness, as diseases caused by the moon. By the fourth and fifth centuries astrologers were commonly using the term to refer to neurological and psychiatric diseases.〔 Philosophers such as Aristotle and Pliny the Elder argued that the full moon induced insane individuals with bipolar disorder by providing light during nights which would otherwise have been dark, and affecting susceptible individuals through the well-known route of sleep deprivation.〔''(The Moon and madness reconsidered )'' ''Journal of Affective Disorders'', June, 1999〕 Until at least 1700 it was also a common belief that the moon influenced fevers, rheumatism, episodes of epilepsy and other diseases.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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