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''Lunularia cruciata'' or crescent-cup liverwort is a liverwort of order Marchantiales, and the only species in the genus ''Lunularia'' and family Lunulariaceae. The name refers to the moon-shaped cups, from Latin ''luna'', moon. ''Lunularia'' occurs commonly in western Europe, where it is native to the region around the Mediterranean. It is also common in California, where it now grows "wild", and is known as an introduced weed in gardens and greenhouses in Australia.〔Schuster, Rudolf M. ''The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America'', volume VI, pages 80-91. (Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1992). ISBN 0-914868-21-7.〕 In America, the species grows only as a sterile form, easily recognized by the crescent-shaped cups containing asexual gemmae. The discus-shaped gemmae are readily dislodged from the cups by splashes of rainwater. They can then quickly "take root" and start to grow in suitably damp places, which is why they are so successful in greenhouses. ''Lunularia'' is not purely asexual; it can also reproduce sexually (see illustration) with four archegonia arranged in a cross-shaped head bearing diploid sporophyte plantlets. As in other liverworts, the main plant body or thallus is a haploid gametophyte. Lunularic acid, a dihydrostilbenoid, is found in the ''L. cruciata''.〔Lunularic acid, a common endogenous growth inhibitor of liverworts. R. J. Pryce, Planta, 1971, Volume 97, Number 4, pages 354-357, 〕 == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lunularia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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