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''Lysmata'' is a genus of shrimp in the infraorder Caridea, the caridean shrimp. The genus now belongs to the family Hippolytidae, but recent cladistic analysis suggests it should be included in its former family, Lysmatidae. ''Lysmata'' are popular ornamental shrimp in the marine aquarium trade for their bright color patterns, interesting behaviors, and ability to control certain aquarium pests〔 such as sea anemones of the genus ''Aiptasia''. They are known to command high prices on the pet market. The genus is informally divided into two main categories. Some species are cleaner shrimp which "clean" parasites and other material from fish, live in pairs, and are brightly colored, often in contrasting reds and yellows with white antennae. Other species are the "peppermint shrimp", which have semi-translucent, red-banded bodies, and live in large groups. Some peppermint shrimp perform cleaning behaviors, but less actively than do the cleaner shrimp.〔 The genus has been studied with interest due to its unusual sexual system, protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism.〔 While some other taxa of shrimp undergo sequential hermaphroditism, they have only been observed changing from male to female. In ''Lysmata'', males become true hermaphrodites instead of females. So far, every species studied has been confirmed to have this sexual system. During their "female phase" they actually have functioning male and female tissues in their gonads and produce both types of gamete. When paired, they take turns fertilizing each other's eggs.〔 ''Lysmata'' occur in the tropics and in warmer temperate waters. They usually live on rock and coral reefs, in shallow and deeper areas. Some live in sponges.〔 ==Species== ''Lysmata'' contains the following species: *''Lysmata amboinensis'' (De Man, 1888) *''Lysmata anchisteus'' Chace, 1972 *''Lysmata ankeri'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''Lysmata argentopunctata'' Wicksten, 2000 *''Lysmata bahia'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''Lysmata boggessi'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''Lysmata californica'' (Stimpson, 1866) *''Lysmata chica'' Wicksten, 2000 *''Lysmata debelius'' Bruce, 1983 *''Lysmata dispar'' Hayashi, 2007 *''Lysmata galapagensis'' Schmitt, 1924 *''Lysmata grabhami'' (Gordon, 1935) *''Lysmata gracilirostris'' Wicksten, 2000 *''Lysmata guamensis'' Anker & Cox, 2011 *''Lysmata hochi'' Baeza & Anker, 2008 *''Lysmata holthuisi'' Anker, Baeza & De Grave, 2009 *''Lysmata intermedia'' (Kingsley, 1878) *''Lysmata jundalini'' Rhyne, Calado & Santos, 2012 *''Lysmata kempi'' Chace, 1997 *''Lysmata kuekenthali'' (De Man, 1902) *''Lysmata lipkei'' Okuno & Fiedler, 2011 *''Lysmata moorei'' (Rathbun, 1901) *''Lysmata morelandi'' (Yaldwyn, 1971) *''Lysmata multiscissa'' (Nobili, 1904) *''Lysmata nayaritensis'' Wicksten, 2000 *''Lysmata nilita'' P. F. R. Dohrn & Holthuis, 1950 *''Lysmata olavoi'' Fransen, 1991 *''Lysmata pederseni'' Rhyne & Lin, 2006 *''Lysmata philippinensis'' Chace, 1997 *''Lysmata porteri'' (Rathbun, 1907) *''Lysmata rafa'' Rhyne & Anker, 2007 *''Lysmata rathbunae'' Chace, 1970 *''Lysmata rauli'' Laubenheimer & Rhyne, 2010 *''Lysmata seticaudata'' (Risso, 1816) *''Lysmata splendida'' Burukovsky, 2000 *''Lysmata stenolepis'' Crosnier & Forest, 1973 *''Lysmata ternatensis'' De Man, 1902 *''Lysmata trisetacea'' (Heller, 1861) *''Lysmata udoi'' Baeza, Bolaños, Hernandez & López, 2009 *''Lysmata uncicornis'' Holthuis & Maurin, 1952 *''Lysmata vittata'' (Stimpson, 1860) *''Lysmata wurdemanni'' (Gibbes, 1850) *''Lysmata zacae'' Armstrong, 1941 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lysmata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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