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MALBAC
Multiple Annealing and Looping Based Amplification Cycles (a.k.a. MALBAC) is a quasilinear whole genome amplification method. Unlike conventional DNA amplification methods that are non-linear or exponential (in each cycle, DNA copied can serve as template for subsequent cycles), MALBAC utilizes special primers that allow amplicons to have complementary ends and therefore to loop, preventing DNA from being copied exponentially. This results in amplification of only the original genomic DNA and therefore reduces amplification bias. MALBAC is “used to create overlapped shotgun amplicons covering most of the genome”.〔Zong, C.; Lu, S.; Chapman, A.R.; Xie, S. (2012). "Genome-wide detection of single-nucleotide and copy-number variations of a single human cell." ''Science'' 338, 1622. DOI: 10.1126/science.1229164. PMID 23258894〕 For next generation sequencing, MALBAC is followed by regular PCR which is used to further amplify amplicons.
== Technological platform ==
Prior to MALBAC, a single cell is isolated by various methods including laser capture microdissection, microfluidic devices, flow cytometry, or micro pipetting, then lysed. MALBAC single-cell whole-genome amplification involves 5 cycles of quenching, extending, melting, and looping.
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