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MAT-120
The MAT-120 cargo bomb is a Spanish-produced cluster munition, fired from a 120mm calibre mortar produced by Instalaza SA. The main body of the round holds dual-purpose anti-tank/anti-personnel submunitions. The MAT-120 submunitions are unique in that to prevent the dangers of unexploded duds, there is a double redundant feature the manufacture refers to as ''self-destruction'' and ''self-sterilization''. This prevents unexploded MAT-120 submunitions from laying around becoming de facto landmines, dangerous to both combatants and non-combatants.〔Note 1: Which was one of the chief complaints against the use of submunitions, which resulted in many nations signing an international treaty calling for them to be banned and all stockpiles destroyed.〕
==Description==
In the late 1980s the Spanish firm Esperanza y Cia, which later became part of Instalaza SA, developed a 120mm caliber mortar bomb which contained 21 dual anti-armor/fragmentation〔 submunitions, each of which weighs 275 grams and is 37 millimeters in diameter. What made the 120mm MAT-120s submunition unique is the electrical impact fusing system which for all practical purposes totally eliminated the risk of unexploded duds from subsequently detonating. In addition there is no electrical energy stored in the MAT-120 round during storage, transport and even at the time it is fired from the mortar tube, thus greatly reducing any risk of premature detonation. The MAT-120 submunition's electronic impact fuse operates on a capacitor power source located in each submunition which is charged in flight after being fired by a wind generator located in the nose of the projectile. If for what ever reason the electrical fuse fails to function on impact, approximately 35 seconds later a self-destruction feature causes the submunition to detonate; if the self-destruction mechanism fails, in approximately 15 minutes after impact the electrical charge in the capacitor bleeds out, therefore rendering the submunition's electronic fuse system inoperative, rendering the dud submunition inert, unless the capacitor is deliberately recharged from an outside source.〔"Mortars Aim For More Capability" by Rubert Pengelley, Jane's IDR 1/1997 page 54〕〔note2 - the first MAT-120 mortar bomb' submunition were called "Espin" by the manufacture and lacked the self-destruction feature, later MAT-120 submunitions with the self-destruction feature were called "Braco"〕
The action of firing the round starts a timer which triggers opening the projectile, scattering the submunitions, which land in a random pattern between fifty and sixty meters in diameter. Upon impact the submunitions denonate, producing an armour-penetrating effect capable of punching through 150 millimeters of RHA 〔note3 - which is more than adequate to defeat the top armour protection of even the heaviest main battle tank in service today〕 and scattering 650 steel fragments out to a lethal radius of around 6 meters, and an effective radius of 18 meters.〔Jane's Ammunition Handbook 2003-2004〕 Within the impact area, the probability of hitting a tank-sized target directly is about 20 percent.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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