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The Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is an introspective self-report questionnaire designed to indicate psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions.〔(MBTI basics ), ''The Myers-Briggs Foundation'', 2014, Retrieved 18 June 2014.〕〔(Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) ), ''CPP.com'', Menlo Park, CA, 2014, Retrieved 18 June 2014.〕 The MBTI was constructed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers. It is based on the typological theory proposed by Carl Jung who had speculated that there are four principal psychological functions by which humans experience the world – sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking – and that one of these four functions is dominant for a person most of the time. The MBTI was constructed for normal populations and emphasizes the value of naturally occurring differences. "The underlying assumption of the MBTI is that we all have specific preferences in the way we construe our experiences, and these preferences underlie our interests, needs, values, and motivation." Although popular in the business sector, the MBTI exhibits significant psychometric deficiencies, notably including poor validity and reliability.〔〔Boyle, G J (1995). "Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI): Some psychometric limitations". ''Australian Psychologist'' 30: pp. 71–74. doi:10.1111/j.1742-9544.1995.tb01750.x〕 == Origins of the theory == Jung's theory of psychological types was not based on controlled scientific studies〔 but, instead, on subjective clinical observation, introspection and anecdote—methods regarded as inconclusive in the modern field of scientific psychology.〔 Jung's typology theories postulated a sequence of four cognitive functions (thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuition), each having one of two polar orientations (extraversion or introversion), giving a total of eight dominant functions. The MBTI is based on these eight hypothetical functions, although with some differences in expression from Jung's model (see Differences from Jung below). However, neither the Myers–Briggs nor the Jungian models offer any scientific experimental proof to support the ''existence'', ''sequence'', ''orientation'', or ''manifestation'' of these claimed functions.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Myers–Briggs Type Indicator」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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