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METCO
METCO stands for the Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity. Founded in 1966 in Boston, Massachusetts, the program is the longest continuously running voluntary school desegregation program in the country and a national model for the few other voluntary desegregation busing programs currently in existence.〔Eaton, Susan. ''The Other Boston Busing Story.'' New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001. Print.〕
== Purpose ==
As defined by the original METCO Grant, the purpose of the program is, “To expand educational opportunities, increase diversity, and reduce racial isolation by permitting students in Boston and Springfield to attend public schools in other communities that have agreed to participate. The program provides students of participating school districts the opportunity to experience the advantages of learning and working in a racially, ethnically, and linguistically diverse setting.” 〔("Grants and Other Financial Assistance Programs." ) Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. 8 October 2011.〕 METCO was originally created as a short-term program designed as a stop-gap measure as Boston addressed its most under performing schools.〔("Welcome to METCO, Inc." ) Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity. 6 October 2011.〕 However, due in part to the initial success of the program (and the continuing failure of many of Boston’s public schools), the program has been in place consistently since 1966.
The mission of METCO is two-fold, to give students from Boston’s under-performing school districts the opportunity to attend a high-performing school and increase their educational opportunities and to decrease racial isolation and increase diversity in the suburban schools. It has been reported both qualitatively and quantitatively that most families weigh the opportunity for an excellent education as far more important than decreasing racial isolation. While families may acknowledge it as an important side factor, it is generally referred to as secondary to the goal of maximizing educational opportunity.〔Orfield, Gary, et al. "City-Suburban Desegregation: Parent and Student Perspectives in Metropolitan Boston." Harvard Civil Rights Project.Cambridge: John and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, 1997.〕 The program focuses heavily on the support network and environment in each of the towns in which it operates. METCO partner families or METCO “buddies” are designed to bring the communities together and provide support for students within the program in the town in which they attend school. A look at any of the community sites is generally filled with advertisements for community events, such as the Weston/METCO Family Friends WHS Pumpkin Festival or the Weston/METCO Family Friends Ice Cream Social.〔("Weston/METCO Students Strive for Excellence." ) Weston Public Schools. 7 October 2011.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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