|
The Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front ((スペイン語:Frente Patriótico Manuel Rodríguez)) (FPMR), also known as ''El Frente Patriótico'', or simply ''El Frente'', was a marxist-leninist nationalist paramilitary organization in Chile, founded in 1983. At its beginnings, it was the armed wing of the Communist Party of Chile, formed in order to violently overthrow Augusto Pinochet. It was considered a terrorist organization by the Department of State of the United States. At its height, the FPMR was estimated to have between 1,000 and 1,500 members.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=1992 Global Terrorism: Appendix B (Info on Terrorist Groups) )〕 == Activities == On September 7, 1986, after months of planning, the FPMR attacked President Augusto Pinochet's car in an assassination attempt. Five of Pinochet's bodyguards were killed and eleven wounded. Pinochet, however, only suffered minor injuries. He was riding the car with his then 10-year-old grandson who survived unharmed Also in 1986, Chilean security forces caught the FPMR smuggling an 80-ton shipment of weapons in Carrizal Bajo, including C-4 plastic explosives, RPG-7 and M72 LAW rocket launchers as well as more than three thousand M-16 rifles.〔''Pinochet S.A.: la base de la fortuna'', By Ozren Agnic Krstulovic, Page 147, RIL Editores, 2006〕 The failure of Pinochet's attempted assassination led to an internal crisis in the FPMR, leading to splits and to the complete autonomy of the group towards the PCCh.〔"Supporters Cheer Pinochet at Rally", By William D. Montalbano, ''The Los Angeles Times'', September 10, 1986〕 On 8 April 1986, FPMR guerrillas kidnapped and held captive for 48 hours carabineros corporal Germán Obando but freed him after 48 hours after nationwide coverage of the incident resulted in mass condemnation reported by the press as including political groups normally sympathetic to the cause of the FPMR.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Semana.com - Error 404 )〕 On 13 April 1987, the Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic Front (FPMR) simultaneously assaulted the offices of Associated Press (AP) and eight radio stations in Santiago, killing an off-duty security guard.〔''Significant Incidents of Political Violence Against Americans 1987'', By Andrew Corsun, Page 10, DIANE Publishing, 1988〕 In the period 1988–1994, the FPMR conducted 15 attacks against LDS Chapels and temples.〔''Historical Dictionary of Terrorism'', By Sean Anderson & Stephen Sloan, Page 416, Scarecrow Press, 2009〕 On 5 November 1990, FPMR guerrillas detonated a bomb inside a restaurant in this seaside resort of Viña del Mar, wounding three sailors from the United States aircraft carrier Abraham Lincoln. Three British tourists and two waitresses were also injured in the attack.〔"3 U.S. Sailors Injured in a Bombing in Chile," ''The New York Times'', November 05, 1990〕 On 1 April 1991, Senator Jaime Guzman was shot at the exit of the Catholic University where he was a professor of Constitutional Law. He was driven to a nearby hospital by his driver but died 3 hours later from several bullet wounds. His assassination was executed by members of the far-left urban guerrilla movement Frente Patriotico Manuel Rodriguez (FPMR), Ricardo Palma Salamanca y Raúl Escobar Poblete, however the operation is believed to have been planned by the leaders of the movement Galvarino Apablaza, Mauricio Hernández Norambuena y Juan Gutiérrez Fischmann.() who had been planning the murder of Guzman since the 80s. In 1993 was reported that, FPMR guerrillas bombed two McDonald's restaurants and attempted to bomb a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant.〔''Encyclopedia of Terrorism'', By Harvey W. Kushner, Page 220, Sage Publications, 2003〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|