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Maakhir ((ソマリ語:''Goboleedka Maakhir''), (アラビア語: ماخر ) ), officially the Maakhir State of Somalia ((ソマリ語:''Maamul Goboleedka Maakhiran''); (アラビア語:ولاية ماخر الصومال) ) was an autonomous region in northern Somalia, situated in an area disputed by the Somaliland and Puntland macro-regions. In January 2009, it was incorporated into Puntland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html#Maakhir )〕 ==Autonomy== Maakhir was a self-proclaimed state that represented the political will of the Warsangali Darod within federal Somalia.〔 The Warsangali were one of the principal actors in the creation of the Puntland State as a successor to the Harti Sultanates after the collapse of the central government in Somalia in 1991. However, since the proclamation of an autonomous Puntland in 1998, some Warsangali felt that they were sidelined while the Majeerteen clan assumed a hegemonic role in the state.〔(The Formation of Maakhir State of Somalia )〕 Maakhir was brought back into the Puntland fold by General Abdullahi Ahmed Jama ("Ilkajir"), who contested the Puntland election. General Ilkajir became the ''de facto leader'' of Maakhir following the dissolution of the Maakhir administration. Maakhir State proclaimed autonomy at a 1 July 2007 ceremony in Badhan in response to overlapping claims of Somaliland and Puntland over the western Sanaag and western Bari, both of which have led to several gun battles over control of the territory between Somaliland and Puntland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Issue 218 )〕 Puntland and Somaliland have signed oil concessions in this part of Sanaag,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Puntland Oil & Mining Deal:燭he Offspring of an Affair between Greed and Incompetence (Part I) )〕 without the consent of the local leadership.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Puntland Oil & Mining Deal: The Offspring of an Affair between Greed and Incompetence (part II) )〕 This contributed to the desire of the local Warsangali to administer their own affairs, and to resolve disputes with Mohamud Muse Hersi, the former President of Puntland.〔(The rise of Maakhir State and the fall of Puntland ).〕 Maakhir's form of self-governance like that of Puntland rested on the bottom-up approach endorsed by the international community for a federal Somalia. This self-governing model, which mandates a decentralized local level of government within Somalia, was seen as a workable long-term political strategy in resolving inter-group disputes.〔 Maakhir built institutions such as civil society, law enforcement, xeer (customary law), and Shariah-based district courts. It also established a local military and naval establishment that protects the region's marine and land resources and which provides safety and access to the flow and supply of humanitarian aid, the normal operation of international and local NGOs, as well as the implementation of programs of the United Nations Development Programme. Maakhir's other stated aim was to provide much-needed public services by opening up a treasury office in Badhan, to ensure governance structures for the safety and maintenance of Laasqoray Port, and the protection of private local enterprises whose operational management and ownership fall under the guidance of the private sector of Maakhir state.〔(Laas Qorey Port Operation ).〕 A third objective was to manage the complex local conflicts by strengthening the already existing traditional mechanisms, which will be consolidated and run by the Department of Justice. Maakhir sought to structure consensus around peace, internal security, market stability, cooperation and unity of purpose with its neighbors; and build bridges of trust and social harmony across dividing political lines and between opposing interests and groupings. Neither Somaliland or Puntland have recognized the state. Despite rumored talks with Ali Mohammed Ghedi, the former Prime Minister of Somalia, the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia declined to comment on the status of Maakhir and regarded Puntland as the official authority of the region.〔(Maakhir State of Somalia faces challenges and obstacles ). Article in ''Markacadeey online'' on 23 August 2007.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maakhir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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