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''Macadamia'' is a genus of four species of trees indigenous to Australia and constituting part of the plant family Proteaceae.〔 〕 They are native to north eastern New South Wales and central and south eastern Queensland. The tree is commercially important for its fruit, the macadamia nut or simply macadamia. Other names include Queensland nut, bush nut, maroochi nut, bauple nut, and Hawaii nut.〔(The Bopple Nut )〕 In Australian Aboriginal languages, the fruit is known by names such as ''bauple'', ''gyndl'', ''jindilli'',〔 and ''boombera''. Previously, more species, with disjunct distributions, were named as members of this genus ''Macadamia''.〔 Genetics and morphological studies more recently published in 2008 show they have separated from this genus ''Macadamia'', correlating less closely than thought from earlier morphological studies.〔 The species previously named in this ''Macadamia'' genus may still be referred to overall by the descriptive, non-scientific name of macadamia; their disjunct distributions and current scientific names are: *New Caledonia endemic genus ''Virotia'' in 1975 having only the type species, then by 2008 all six endemic species *North eastern Queensland, Australian endemic genus and species ''Catalepidia heyana'' in 1995 *North eastern Queensland and Cape York Peninsula, Australia, three endemic species of ''Lasjia'' in 2008; in Australia still informally described as northern macadamias *Sulawesi (Indonesia) two endemic species of ''Lasjia'' in 2008, based on the 1952 name ''M. hildebrandii'' and the 1995 name ''M. erecta'' ''Macadamia'' species grow as small to large evergreen trees tall. The leaves are arranged in whorls of three to six, lanceolate to obovate or elliptical in shape, 6–30 cm long and 2–13 cm broad, with an entire or spiny-serrated margin. The flowers are produced in a long, slender, simple raceme 5–30 cm long, the individual flowers 10–15 mm long, white to pink or purple, with four tepals. The fruit is a very hard, woody, globose follicle with a pointed apex, containing one or two seeds. The German–Australian botanist Ferdinand von Mueller gave the genus the name ''Macadamia'' in 1857 in honor of the Scottish-Australian chemist, medical teacher and politician John Macadam.〔Mueller, F.J.H. von (1857) Account of some New Australian Plants. Transactions of the Philosophical Institute of Victoria 2: 72 Type: Macadamia ternifolia F.Muell.()〕 ==Species== * ''Macadamia integrifolia'' * ''Macadamia jansenii'' * ''Macadamia ternifolia'' * ''Macadamia tetraphylla'' ;Formerly included in the genus: ;''Lasjia'' , formerly ''Macadamia'' until 2008 * ''Lasjia claudiensis'' ; synonym, base name: ''Macadamia claudiensis'' * ''Lasjia erecta'' ; synonym, base name: ''Macadamia erecta'' * ''Lasjia grandis'' ; synonym, base name: ''Macadamia grandis'' * ''Lasjia hildebrandii'' ; synonym, base name: ''Macadamia hildebrandii'' * ''Lasjia whelanii'' ; synonyms: base name: ''Helicia whelanii'' , ''Macadamia whelanii'' ;''Catalepidia'' , formerly ''Macadamia'' until 1995 *''Catalepidia heyana'' ; synonyms: base name: ''Helicia heyana'' , ''Macadamia heyana'' ;''Virotia'' , formerly ''Macadamia'' until the first species renaming began in 1975 and comprehensive in 2008 *''Virotia angustifolia'' ; synonym, base name: ''Macadamia angustifolia'' *''Virotia francii'' ; synonym, base name: ''Roupala francii'' *''Virotia leptophylla'' (1975 type species); synonym, base name: ''Kermadecia leptophylla'' *''Virotia neurophylla'' ; synonyms: base name: ''Kermadecia neurophylla'' , ''Macadamia neurophylla'' *''Virotia rousselii'' ; synonym, base name: ''Roupala rousselii'' *''Virotia vieillardi'' ; synonym, base name: ''Roupala vieillardii'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Macadamia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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