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Machiguenga people
The Machiguenga (also Matsigenka, Matsigenga〔) are an indigenous people of the Amazon Basin jungle regions of southeastern Peru, east of Machu Picchu and close to the borders of Bolivia and Brazil. Theirs is a hunter-gatherer culture for the most part, though they also practice swidden agriculture. The main crop grown is cassava, and their main source of protein is a large (6-12 kg) rodent called paca. During the dry season, they also use fishing to supplement their dietary protein.〔
Most Machiguenga lack personal names. Members of the same tribe are individuated using kin terminology, while members of a different tribe are referred to by their Spanish names.〔Snell, Wayne W (1964). Kinship relations in Machiguenga. p. 17-25〕〔Johnson, Allen W. ''Families of the forest: the Matsigenka Indians of the Peruvian Amazon''. University of California Press, 2003. (p. 9-10 ). Retrieved from Google Books on April 1, 2012. ISBN 978-0-520-23242-6.〕
==Family life==
The average tribal woman marries around age 16, and women have an average of eight to ten pregnancies. As with many indigenous tribes, the mortality rate for infants is high.〔 During meals, men always eat first, while the women and children divide what remains. While quite accomplished in using plants and herbs as medicine, the Machiguenga are susceptible to infectious diseases brought in from the outside world.〔 Literacy rates range from 30% to 60%. The tribespeople wear a homemade tunic, called a ''cushmas'', with a V neck for men, and straight neck for women. Their huts are fashioned from palm tree poles as a frame, with palm leaves thatched for the roof.〔 Each extended family group is governed by a self-appointed "headman".〔 The Machiguenga are classified as animists in religion and believe in a variety of evil spirits.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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