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Rubia
''Rubia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. It contains around 80 species of perennial scrambling or climbing herbs and subshrubs native to the Old World.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Rubia'' in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae )〕 The genus and its best-known species are commonly known as madder, e.g. ''Rubia tinctorum'' (common madder), ''Rubia peregrina'' (wild madder), and ''Rubia cordifolia'' (Indian madder).
==Uses==
''Rubia'' was an economically important source of a red pigment in many regions of Asia, Europe and Africa. Several species, such as ''Rubia tinctorum'' in Europe, ''Rubia cordifolia'' in India, and, ''Rubia argyi'' in east Asia, were extensively cultivated from antiquity until the mid nineteenth century. The genus name ''Rubia'' derives from the Latin ''ラテン語:ruber'' meaning "red".
The plant's roots contain an organic compound called Alizarin, that gives its red colour to a textile dye known as Rose madder. It was also used as a colourant, especially for paint, that is referred to as Madder lake. The invention of a synthesized duplicate, an anthracene compound called alizarin, greatly reduced demand for the natural derivative.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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