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Madhyamaka
Madhyamaka (Sanskrit: मध्यमक, ''Madhyamaka'', ; also known as ''Śūnyavāda'') refers primarily to a Mahāyāna Buddhist school of philosophy founded by Nāgārjuna. According to Madhyamaka all phenomena (''dharmas'') are empty (''śūnya'') of "nature," a "substance" or "essence" (svabhāva) which gives them "solid and independent existence," because they are dependently co-arisen. But this "emptiness" itself is also "empty": it does not have an existence on its own, nor does it refer to a transcendental reality beyond or above phenomenal reality.
==Etymology==
The school of thought and its subsidiaries are called "Madhyamaka"; those who follow it are called "Mādhyamikas". "Madya" means "middle", as the Teaching of the Buddha is called "The Middle Way". "Madhyamaka" means "middlemost". A "Madyamika" is a "middlemoster", because he takes the middlemost way in philosophy.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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