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Mafersa S.A. was a Brazilian manufacturer of passenger rail cars, buses and trolleybuses, and related components. It was founded in 1944 and was located in the city of São Paulo.〔Bushell, Chris (Ed.) (1997). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 1997-98'', p. 451. Coulsdon, Surrey (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-1562-0.〕 At the end of 1997 it became a subsidiary of Alstom.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Bloomberg Businessweek )〕 Most of its customers were in Brazil. However, export orders included, in 1990–92, 38 stainless-steel push-pull commuter rail cars for the Virginia Railway Express〔Bushell, Chris (Ed.) (1991). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 1991'', p. 409. Coulsdon, Surrey (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-0951-5.〕 (20 control cars (trailers ) and 28 trailers)〔Middleton, William D.; and Sebree, Mac (1994). ''North American Commuter Rail 1994'', pp. 16 and 47. Pasadena (CA), US: Pentrex. ISSN 0160-6913.〕 and 256 metro-car bodyshells for the Chicago Transit Authority (as a subcontractor to Morrison-Knudsen).〔 In the mid-1980s the company built more than 270 metro cars for Rio de Janeiro and more than 400 for São Paulo, and these were built under license from the Budd Company.〔Bushell, Chris; and Stonham, Peter (Eds.) (1984). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 1984'', p. 18. London: Jane's Publishing Company. ISBN 0-7106-0792-X.〕 In addition to building new rail vehicles, Mafersa also carried out overhauls of existing rail cars.〔 In 1997, Mafersa was acquired by Alstom. A subsidiary of Alstom keeping the same name, Mafersa SA, continued producing rail vehicle components (such as wheels and axles), while manufacturing of rail cars also continued but now under the name, "Alstom Transporte do Brazil S.A."〔Pattison, Tony (Ed.) (1999). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 1999-2000'', p. 440. Coulsdon, Surrey (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-1921-9.〕 Alstom sold the technology and license of Mafersa SA to MWL Brasil Rodas & Eixos Ltda. in November 1999, and this company continued making rail-vehicle components, initially under the Mafersa name.〔Pattison, Tony (Ed.) (2002). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 2002-2003'', p. 471. Coulsdon, Surrey (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-2452-2.〕 ==Buses== Mafersa entered the field of bus manufacturing in 1985, with development of a bus chassis and a monocoque (or integral) trolleybus.〔Bushell, Chris (Ed.) (1989). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 1989'', p. 451. Coulsdon, Surrey (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-0881-0.〕 Production of trolleybuses lasted only from 1986 until 1988 and was relatively small, totalling only 85 vehicles, of which 84 were two-axle vehicles and one was articulated.〔Murray, Alan (2000). ''World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia'', p. 95. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. ISBN 0-904235-18-1.〕 Between the start of production in 1985/86 and 1988 more than 600 diesel buses had been delivered to various cities.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mafersa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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