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Magi
Magi (; Latin plural of ''magus''; ''magos''; Old Persian: ''maguš'', (ペルシア語:مُغ) ''mogh''; English singular ''magian'', ''mage'', ''magus'', ''magusian'', ''magusaean''; Kurdish: ''manji'', Turkish: ''mecaz'') is a term, used since at least the 6th century BCE, to denote followers of Zoroastrianism or Zoroaster. The earliest known usage of the word Magi is in the trilingual inscription written by Darius the Great, known as the Behistun Inscription. Old Persian texts, pre-dating the Hellenistic period, refer to a Magus as a Zurvanic, and presumably Zoroastrian, priest.
Pervasive throughout the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia until late antiquity and beyond, ''mágos'', "Magian" or "magician," was influenced by (and eventually displaced) Greek ''goēs'' (γόης), the older word for a practitioner of magic, to include astrology, alchemy and other forms of esoteric knowledge. This association was in turn the product of the Hellenistic fascination for (Pseudo‑)Zoroaster, who was perceived by the Greeks to be the "Chaldean", "founder" of the Magi and "inventor" of both astrology and magic, a meaning that still survives in the modern-day words "magic" and "magician".
In English, the term "magi" is most commonly used in reference to the "μάγοι" from the east who visit Jesus in Chapter 2 of the Gospel of Matthew , and are now often translated as "wise men" in English versions.〔(Matthew 2 in Greek )〕 The plural "magi" entered the English language from Latin around 1200, in reference to these. The singular appears considerably later, in the late 14th century, when it was borrowed from Old French in the meaning ''magician'' together with ''magic''.
==Pre-4th century BCE usage==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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