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Magtymguly Pyragy (Persian: مختومقلی فراغی ''Makhtumqoli Faraghi''; (トルクメン語:Magtymguly Pyragy); 1724 – 1807) was a Turkmen spiritual leader and philosophical poet who made significant efforts to secure independence and autonomy for his people in the 18th century.〔(Magtymguly Fragi's biography )〕 ==Education and early life== Magtymguly is widely believed to have been born in the Hajygowshan village near Gonbad-e Qabus city in what is now the Iranian province of Golestan, the northern steppes of which are known as Turkmen Sahra ("Turkmen steppes"). In his poetry, Magtymguly says “Tell those who enquire about me that I am a Gerkez, I hail from Etrek and my name is Makhtumkuli,”〔1. Azemoun, Youssef. “The Significant History of Makhtumkuli and his Manuscripts.” Journal of Makhtumkuli Studies 2(2000).〕 identifying his homeland as the banks of the Etrek River and expressing his identity through his tribe. He received his early education in the Persian and Arabic languages from his father Döwletmämmet Azady (Persian: دولتمحمد آزادی), a leading scholar at that time. He went on to study in various madrassahs, including the Idris Baba Madrassah in the village of Gyzyl Ayak, the Madrassah of Shir Gazi Khan in Khiva, and may have also studied in Bukhara for some time.〔Azemoun, Youssef, trans. “An Interview with Gara Ishan.” Journal of Makhtumkuli Studies 2(2000).〕 Upon his return home, Magtymguly worked as a silversmith while he taught and wrote.〔Azemoun, Youssef. “The Significant History”〕 He went on to develop a realistic style of writing about 18th century Turkmen that proved very popular and ultimately led to him becoming one of the most cherished Turkmen poets of all time. He was also a devout naqshbandi Sufist who was said to have traveled throughout all the lands comprising modern Turkmenistan, teaching and praying for the salvation of his people. Not much is known about Magtymguly's family life. He was unable to marry Mengli, the woman that he loved, yet it seems he was married to someone else. His elder brothers Abdulla and Mahammetsupa disappeared, and his children died young. Magtymguly was also pained by the loss of his father, with whom he had maintained close scholarly relations throughout his life.〔Azemoun, Youssef. “The Significant History”〕 Some of Magtymguly's poetry, along with stories collected from Turkmen oral traditions, suggest that the poet was taken prisoner at some point in his lifetime, likely in Mashad, Iran. It is unknown who took him captive, yet such events were common in 18th century Iran and Turkmenistan. A servant of the ruler, who was also a Turkmen, allegedly aided Magtymguly's escape.〔Azemoun, Youssef. “The Significant History”〕 Pyragy is buried in Aktokay village in north-eastern Iran. The Iranian government has inaugurated a mausoleum on his grave. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Magtymguly Pyragy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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