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Mahāsāṃghika
The Mahāsāṃghika (Sanskrit "of the Great Sangha", ) was one of the early Buddhist schools. Interest in the origins of the Mahāsāṃghika school lies in the fact that their Vinaya recension appears in several ways to represent an older redaction overall. Many scholars also look to the Mahāsāṃghika branch for the initial development of Mahayana Buddhism.
==Location==
The original center of the Mahāsāṃghika sect was in Magadha, but they also maintained important centers such as in Mathura and Karli.〔Potter, Karl. ''Encyclopaedia of Indian Philosophies, Vol. 8: Buddhist Philosophy 100-350 AD.'' 2002. p. 23〕 The Kukkuṭikas were situated in eastern India around Vārāṇasī and Pāṭaliputra.〔Warder, A.K. ''Indian Buddhism''. 2000. p. 281〕 The Ekavyāvahārika and Lokottaravāda subschools were found near Peshawar around 200 BCE, and the Bahuśrutīya in Kośala.
The Caitika branch was based in the Coastal Andhra region and especially at Amarāvati and Nāgārjunakoṇḍā. This Caitika branch included the Pūrvaśailas, Aparaśailas, Rājagirikas, and the Siddhārthikas. Finally, Madhyadesa was home to the Prajñaptivādins.〔Elizabeth Cook. ''Light of Liberation: A History of Buddhism in India.'' Dharma Publishing, 1992. p. 242-243〕 The ancient Buddhist sites in the lower Krishna Valley, including Amarāvati, Nāgārjunakoṇḍā and Jaggayyapeṭa, "can be traced to at least the third century BCE, if not earlier."〔Padma, Sree. Barber, Anthony W. ''Buddhism in the Krishna River Valley of Andhra.'' SUNY Press 2008, pg. 2.〕
The cave temples at the Ajaṇṭā Caves, the Ellora Caves, and the Karla Caves are associated with the Mahāsāṃghikas.〔Gadkari, Jayant. ''Society and Religion: From Rgveda to Puranas.'' 1996. p. 198〕
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