|
Maitreya (Sanskrit), Metteyya (Pali), Maitri (Sinhalese), Jampa () or Di-lặc (Vietnamese), is regarded as a future Buddha of this world in Buddhist eschatology. In some Buddhist literature, such as the ''Amitabha Sutra'' and the ''Lotus Sutra'', he is referred to as Ajita. According to Buddhist tradition, Maitreya is a bodhisattva who will appear on Earth in the future, achieve complete enlightenment, and teach the pure dharma. According to scriptures, Maitreya will be a successor to the present Buddha, Gautama Buddha (also known as Śākyamuni Buddha).〔Horner (1975), ''The minor anthologies of the Pali canon'', p. 97. Regarding Metteyya, Bv XXVII, 19: "I (Buddha ) at the present time am the Self-Awakened One, and there will be Metteyya...."〕 The prophecy of the arrival of Maitreya refers to a time in the future when the dharma will have been forgotten by most on the terrestrial world. This prophecy is found in the canonical literature of all major schools of Buddhism. Maitreya has also been adopted for his millenarian role by many non-Buddhist religions in the past such as the White Lotus as well as by modern new religious movements such as Yiguandao. ==Sources== The name ''Maitreya'' is derived from the Sanskrit word ''maitrī'' "loving-kindness", which is in turn derived from the noun ''mitra'' "friend". The Pali form ''Metteyya'' is mentioned in the ''Cakkavatti-Sīhanāda Sutta'' (Digha Nikaya 26) of the Pāli Canon, and also in chapter 28 of the Buddhavamsa.〔〔 Most of the Buddha's sermons are presented as having been presented in answer to a question, or in some other appropriate context, but this sutta has a beginning and ending in which the Buddha is talking to monks about something totally different. This leads scholar Richard Gombrich to conclude that either the whole sutta is apocryphal or that it has at least been tampered with.〔Richard Gombrich, ''Theravada Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benares to Modern Colombo.'' Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988, pages 83-85.〕 In the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, in the first centuries CE in northern India, Maitreya was the most popular figure to be represented along with Gautama Buddha (often called ''Śākyamuni'' "sage of the Shakya"). In 4th to 6th-century China, "Buddhist artisans used the names Shakyamuni and Maitreya interchangeably... indicating both that the distinction between the two had not yet been drawn and that their respective iconographies had not yet been firmly set".〔Angela Falco Howard et al., ''Chinese Sculpture'', Yale University Press, 2006, p. 228〕 An example is the stone sculpture found in the Qingzhou cache dedicated to Maitreya in 529 CE as recorded in the inscription (currently in the Qingzhou Museum, Shandong). The religious belief of Maitreya apparently developed around the same time as that of Amitābha, as early as the 3rd century CE. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maitreya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|