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Mamre
Mamre (; ), full Hebrew name ''Elonei Mamre'' ("Oaks/Terebinths of Mamre"), refers to a Canaanite cultic shrine dedicated to the supreme, sky god of the Canaanite pantheon, ''El''.〔The king-priest Melchizedek, king of Salem and priest of (''El ʿElyon'') greets Abraham with bread and wine on his victorious return from battle (''Genesis'', 14:18-20), located at the modern ''Ramat al-Khalil''. ''El'' here is the Canaanite sky god, while ''Elyon'' is a distinct deity in what is a compound name. But in Hebrew, the two words meant 'God the Most High'〕 Talmudic sources refer to the site as ''Beth Ilanim'' or ''Botnah''. Where it was one of the three most important "fairs", or market places, in Judea. It lies approximately half way between Halhul and Hebron.
== History ==
Bronze age pottery shards found at the site may indicate that the cultic shrine was in use from 2600-2000 BCE.〔 Mamre, in the biblical account, was the site where Abraham pitched the tents for his camp, built an altar,〔''Genesis'', 13:18〕 and was brought divine tidings, in the guise of three angels, of Sarah's pregnancy,〔Gen.18:1-15〕 while elsewhere〔''Genesis'' 14:13〕〔David M. Gitlitz & Linda Kay Davidson ‘’Pilgrimage and the Jews’’ (Westport: CT: Praeger, 2006).〕 it is called 'the Terebinths of Mamre the Amorite'.〔Robert Alter, (tr.) ''Genesis'', W.W.Norton & Co. New York, London 1996 p.60〕〔Horne, Thomas Hartwell (1856) ''An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures'' Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans & Roberts, p 63〕 Mamre being the name of one of the three Amorite chiefs who joined forces with those of Abraham in pursuit of Chedorlaomer to save Lot. (Gen. 14:13,24)〔Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard (1998) ''Mercer Dictionary of the Bible'' Mercer University Press, ISBN 0-86554-373-9 p 543〕〔Haran, Menahem (1985) ''Temples and Temple-Service in Ancient Israel: An Inquiry Into Biblical Cult Phenomena and the Historical Setting of the Priestly School'' Eisenbrauns, ISBN 0-931464-18-8 p 53〕 The supposed discrepancy is often explained as reflecting the discordance between the different scribal traditions behind the composition of the Pentateuch, the former relating to the Yahwist, the latter to the Elohist recension, according to the documentary hypothesis of modern scholarship.〔Menahem Haran,''Temples and Temple-Service in Ancient Israel: An Inquiry Into Biblical Cult Phenomena and the Historical Setting of the Priestly School'', Eisenbrauns, 1985 p.53. The third, Priestly recension excludes any such attachment of Abraham to the Terebinth cult.〕
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