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The Mandelbulb is a three-dimensional fractal, constructed by Daniel White and Paul Nylander using spherical coordinates in 2009. A canonical 3-dimensional Mandelbrot set does not exist, since there is no 3-dimensional analogue of the 2-dimensional space of complex numbers. It is possible to construct Mandelbrot sets in 4 dimensions using quaternions. However, this set does not exhibit detail at all scales like the 2D Mandelbrot set does. White and Nylander's formula for the "''n''th power" of the vector in is : where , , and . The Mandelbulb is then defined as the set of those in for which the orbit of under the iteration is bounded.〔 see "formula" section〕 For ''n'' > 3, the result is a 3-dimensional bulb-like structure with fractal surface detail and a number of "lobes" depending on ''n''. Many of their graphic renderings use ''n'' = 8. However, the equations can be simplified into rational polynomials when n is odd. For example, in the case ''n'' = 3, the third power can be simplified into the more elegant form: :. ==Quadratic formula== Other formulae come from identities which parametrise the sum of squares to give a power of the sum of squares such as: : which we can think of as a way to square a triplet of numbers so that the modulus is squared. So this gives, for example: : : : or various other permutations. This 'quadratic' formula can be applied several times to get many power-2 formulae. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mandelbulb」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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