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Purple mangosteen
The purple mangosteen (''Garcinia mangostana''), colloquially known simply as mangosteen, is a tropical evergreen tree believed to have originated in the Sunda Islands and the Moluccas of Indonesia. It grows mainly in Southeast Asia, southwest India and other tropical areas such as Puerto Rico and Florida,〔 where the tree has been introduced. The tree grows from tall. The fruit of the mangosteen is sweet and tangy, juicy, somewhat fibrous, with fluid-filled vesicles (like the flesh of citrus fruits), with an inedible, deep reddish-purple colored rind (exocarp) when ripe.〔〔 In each fruit, the fragrant edible flesh that surrounds each seed is botanically endocarp, i.e., the inner layer of the ovary.〔Mabberley, D.J. 1997. The plant book: A portable dictionary of the vascular plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Garcinia mangostana'' (Clusiaceae) )〕 Seeds are almond-shaped and sized.
The purple mangosteen belongs to the same genus as the other, less widely known, mangosteens, such as the button mangosteen (''G. prainiana'') or the ''charichuelo'' (''G. madruno'').
==History==
Mangosteen is a native plant to Sunda Islands and the Moluccas of Indonesia. Highly valued for its juicy, delicate texture and slightly sweet and sour flavour, the mangosteen has been cultivated in Java, Sumatra, Mainland Southeast Asia, and the southern Philippines since ancient times. The 15th-century Chinese record Yingyai Shenglan described mangosteen as ''mang-chi-shih'' (derived from Javanese ''manggis''), a native plant of Java of white flesh with delectable sweet and sour taste.
A description of mangosteen was included in the ''Species Plantarum'' by Linnaeus in 1753. The mangosteen was introduced into English greenhouses in 1855.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher= Encyclopaedia Britannica )〕 Subsequently its culture was introduced into the Western Hemisphere, where it became established in West Indies islands, especially Jamaica. It was later established on the Americas mainland in Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, and Ecuador. The mangosteen tree generally does not grow well outside the tropics.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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