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Marathovounos
Marathovounos (, Turkish: Ulukışla) is a village in the Famagusta District of central Cyprus.
It is named after the fennel (Marathos) an aromatic and flavourful herb used in cooking and folk medicine. It was after the 1974 Turkish invasion that it was renamed Ulukışla, meaning "holy barracks" or "large barracks" in Turkish. Marathovounos is 2 km north of the village of Angastina, 4 km south of the village of Tziados and 39 km from its provincial capital Famagusta, to the east. It is 65 meters above sea level.〔Goodwin, Jack C. "An Historical Toponymy of Cyprus (4th edition)," Nicosia (copy number 6)."Tziados - the origins of the village name "is somewhat obscure, but there is a place in Tinos (a Greek Island) with this name, but as Tjiatos. Further Pilavakis mentions Chatos as a home of the Zen family, who came from Greece and used the surname Tjados." " The present village dates back to the early Middle Ages at least... The mosque was built on site of a medieval church (name undetermined). In the 16-17th Century the village paid taxes for support of the Turkish military establishment, so we assume that at least some Greek Cypriots lived in the village at the time."〕〔Goodwin, Jack C. 1984 An Historical Toponymy of Cyprus . 4th edition. Nicosia: Private Publication (copy number 6). This book is a compilation of information on all the villages of Cyprus by this English author. This book served a need for both local and Colonial officials to have some information on the villagers they are writing or visiting. It seems that as it was a private publication it does not have an ISBN.〕
Marathovounos was built on a hillock called Vounos (Greek for hill) on the northern edge of the Massaoria plain. Evidence of mid to late Bronze Age habitation was discovered there. There's also an ancient Basilica at nearby Petrera.〔Goodwin, Jack C. (1984), “''An Historical Toponomy of Cyprus'' (4th edition),” Nicosia (copy number 6).〕 There is speculation that there was an earlier Christian village at Vouno with a small church that dates from the 1700s. It is possible that one of the walls of Prophitis Ilias (Prophet Elias), the church of Marathovounos, incorporated an old fresco from this small church.
In the early 1820s Greek Cypriots found refuge in the caves around the hillock of Vouno from Agia Paraskevi a nearby village to the north which had been established in 1571.〔•
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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