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Marchmont
Marchmont is a mainly residential affluent area of Edinburgh, Scotland. It lies roughly a mile to the south of the Old Town, separated from it by The Meadows and Bruntsfield Links. To the west it is bounded by Bruntsfield; to the south-southwest by Greenhill and then Morningside; to the south-southeast by The Grange; and to the east by Sciennes. The name derives from the wife of Sir George Warrender who was daughter to Hume Campbell of Marchmont. Marchmont is an archaic name for Roxburgh Castle, a now destroyed royal fortress in the Scottish marches.
==History==
The whole area was developed as a planned middle-class tenements suburb by Sir George Warrender, the owner of Bruntsfield House and the surrounding estate (also known as the "Warrender Park") in the mid 19th century. The original feuing plan laid out by architect David Bryce in 1869 called for mainly terraced villas, with a number of large, detached villas on Marchmont Road. However, this was superseded by a later plan that proposed all buildings were four or five-storey tenements. The name Marchmont was originally only used to refer to Marchmont Crescent, Road and Street, but is now used for the whole area. The Warrender name has been retained in the streets Warrender Park Crescent, Road, and Terrace, and also in the Warrender Swim Centre, traditionally known as Warrender Baths.
The buildings are almost exclusively four-storey tenements. The earlier Victorian buildings are mostly pink sandstone in a form of Scottish baronial style, by architects such as Edward Calvert, while the later Victorian and Edwardian buildings are often in blonde sandstone, and in a plainer, more uniform style. Later blocks include work by Hippolyte Blanc, John Charles Hay and Thomas P. Marwick. Key buildings such as churches are often by the then city architect, Robert Morham.
Originally, the area was not allowed to have any premises selling alcohol, and although that is no longer the case, there are only a small number of licensed premises. As of mid 2008, the Earl of Marchmont was refurbished and reopened. Other licensed premises include the Argyle Bar, The Hide and the Links Hotel. There are also a number of off-licensed shops.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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