|
Marchwood is a village and civil parish located in Hampshire, United Kingdom. It lies between Totton and Hythe on the western shore of Southampton Water and directly east of the New Forest. The population of the village in the 2011 census was 6,141.〔http://www.ukcensusdata.com/marchwood-e05004602#sthash.mu9tIVyT.dpbs 〕 ==History== Marchwood has seen human activity since Roman times. The Roman road from the Calshot/Lepe area passed through here on its way to Nursling (''Onna'' as it was called).〔(Hampshire Treasures, Volume 5 (New Forest), Page 215 - Marchwood )〕 Roman coins have been found at Bury Farm.〔 The name "Marchwood" is most probably from the Old English "''merecewudu''" meaning "smallage wood" ("smallage" is a term for wild celery).〔(Marchwood, Old Hampshire Gazetteer )〕 It is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as "Merceode", when the manor was held by Alwin, whose father Wulfgeat held the manor before 1066.〔(Domesday Map - Marchwood )〕 The manor of Marchwood eventually became known as Marchwood Romsey.〔(Victoria County History, (1912), ''A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 5'', Eling )〕 John de Romsey held the vill of Marchwood in 1316. He was succeeded by Sir Walter Romsey of Rockbourne, who died in 1403–4 holding land in Marchwood.〔 The manor then passed in the same way as the manor of Romsey Horseys until the death of Thomas Horsey in 1477.〔 John Romsey of Tatchbury died in 1494 holding the manor from John Horsey, as did his son, another John Romsey who died in 1503.〔 His son William Romsey sold the manor to Henry White. The manor passed from Robert White to his son William in 1564–5.〔 In 1587 William White sold the manor to Nicholas Venables. William Rickman died in possession of the manor in 1599, leaving his daughter Katherine wife of David Urry his heir.〔 A hundred years later David Urry, described as of St. James, Westminster, sold the manor to Gilbert Serle of Leghorn, and it subsequently passed to Sir William Oglander. The manor afterwards passed into the Saunders family.〔 One other manor close to Marchwood was called Bury (also Newton Bury). It occurs in a deed of the 13th century as the "manor of Eling called Burylond." In the 16th century it was absorbed into Colbury manor, and it is now represented by Bury Farm just north of Marchwood. Marchwood was at one time in the parish of Eling, and is situated in that part of the ancient parish which lies low at the mouth of the River Test, southeast of Eling village.〔 Cracknore, in Marchwood, was the landing place of the ferry from Southampton long before the Hythe Ferry.〔 There was an important beacon site here at Beacon Hill, receiving and sending messages to both ends of the Isle of Wight.〔 Marchwood became a separate ecclesiastical parish in 1843, and a civil parish in 1894.〔 The church was built and endowed by Horatio Francis Kingsford Holloway in 1843.〔 By the beginning of the 20th century there were Government gunpowder magazines and a Metropolitan Police barracks in Marchwood.〔 Marchwood Military Port was built here during World War II, which played a vital role in the Normandy landings.〔("Marchwood: An unknown hero" ), BBC News, 16 April 1999〕 The Royal Navy Ordnance Depot was where the famous Mulberry harbours were made.〔 The port continues to service Britain's overseas military interests.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marchwood」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|