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Mariupol
Mariupol ((ウクライナ語:Маріу́поль, Маріюпіль),〔''(Collection of laws and orders of the Workers-Peasants Government of Ukraine )''. "Radianske Budivnytstvo i Pravo". State archives. February 29, 1932〕 (ロシア語:Мариу́поль) (:mərʲɪˈupəlʲ); ) is a city of regional significance in southeastern Ukraine, situated on the north coast of the Sea of Azov at the mouth of the Kalmius river. It is the tenth-largest city in Ukraine〔List of cities in Ukraine – List of cities in Ukraine〕 and the second largest in the Donetsk Oblast.〔(Ukrcensus.org.ua ) - All-Ukrainian population census '2001〕 Population: . Following the capture of Donetsk city by pro-Russian insurgents associated with the Donetsk People's Republic in 2014, Mariupol was made the provisional administrative centre of Donetsk Oblast. The city was retaken on June 13, 2014 by government troops and has been under heavy bombardment and the fighting has intensified as of August 2015.
Mariupol was founded on the site of a former Cossack encampment named Kalmius.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mariupol )〕 It was granted city rights in 1778. Mariupol has been a centre for the grain trade, metallurgy, and heavy engineering. The Ilyich Steel & Iron Works and Azovstal propelled Mariupol onto the European stage in the 20th century as one of the largest and most productive plants. Mariupol played a key role in the industrialization of Ukraine. Due to the Soviet authorities frequently renaming cities after Communist leaders,〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=The Free Dictionary )〕 the city was known as Zhdanov, after the Soviet functionary Andrei Zhdanov, between 1948 and 1989. Today, Mariupol remains a centre for industry, as well as higher education and business, a legal centre, and the economic engine of Pryazovia.
== History ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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