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Marmon-Herrington
The Marmon-Herrington Company, Inc. is an American manufacturer of axles and transfer cases for trucks and other vehicles. Earlier, the company built military vehicles and some tanks during World War II, and until the late 1950s or early 1960s was a manufacturer of trucks and trolley buses. Marmon-Herrington had a partnership with Ford Motor Company, producing trucks and other commercial vehicles, such as buses. The company may be best known for its all-wheel-drive conversions to other truck maker's units, especially to Ford truck models. Based originally in Indianapolis, Indiana, with a plant in Windsor, Ontario, Marmon-Herrington is now based in Louisville, Kentucky.
==History==
The company was founded in 1931 by Walter C. Marmon and Arthur W. Herrington and focused on building all-wheel-drive trucks.〔Borth, Christy. ''Masters of Mass Production,'' pp. 215-6, 225, Bobbs-Merrill Co., Indianapolis, IN, 1945.〕 It was the successor to the Marmon Motor Car Company,〔 a maker of automobiles from 1902 to 1933. Marmon-Herrington (MH) got off to a successful start by procuring contracts for military aircraft refueling trucks, 4x4 chassis for towing light weaponry, commercial aircraft refueling trucks, and an order from the Iraqi Pipeline Company for what were the largest trucks ever built at the time.〔 Construction of all-wheel-drive (AWD) vehicles and conversion of existing vehicles to AWD were among the company's products.〔〔("Cross Country Vehicle Has All Four Wheel Drive", March 1934, Popular Mechanics )〕 Marmon-Herrington also made multi-stop delivery vans and passenger vehicles. The company designed a military armoured vehicle which could be constructed on a commercial truck chassis. The design was taken up by South Africa in 1938, the result of which became known as the Marmon-Herrington Armoured Car, which was used by British and Commonwealth armies in the North Africa Campaign.〔http://www.wwiivehicles.com/southafrica/armored-cars/marmon-herrington.asp〕
During World War II the British were looking for a purpose-built airborne light tank to replace the Tetrarch light tank, but decided not to produce the tank in Britain due to a lack of production capacity. Instead the American government was approached with a request that it produce a replacement for the Tetrarch.〔Flint, p. 23.〕 This request was made by the British Air Commission in Washington, D.C., with a proposal calling for a tank of between and to be developed, this being the maximum weight the War Office had decided could be carried by current glider technology. The United States Ordnance Department was given the task of developing the proposed tank, and in turn requested designs from three American companies: General Motors, J. Walter Christie and Marmon-Herrington.〔 The design offered by Christie in mid-1941 was rejected as it failed to meet the specified size requirements, as was a modified design the company produced in November.〔Zaloga, ''M551 Sheridan'', p. 5.〕 At a conference in May 1941, the Ordnance Department chose the Marmon-Herrington design and requested that the company produce a prototype tank, which was completed in late 1941; it was designated the Light Tank T9 (Airborne) by the company and the Ordnance Department and later designated M22.〔Flint, p. 24.〕
The company also manufactured airport fire trucks, like the Marmon Herrington MB-1 and Marmon Herrington MB-5. They were mainly used by the military, like the USAF and US Navy. Post-War civilian adaptations, known as "Brush Breakers", were also produced.〔http://www.capecodfd.com/pages%20special/Breakers06.htm〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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