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The Marquesas Islands (; or ''Archipel des Marquises'' or ''Marquises''; Marquesan: ''Te Henua (K)enana'' (North Marquesan) and ''Te Fenua `Enata'' (South Marquesan), both meaning "The Land of Men") are a group of volcanic islands in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. The Marquesas are located at 9° 00S, 139° 30W. The highest point is the peak of Mount Oave (French: ''Mont Oave'') on Ua Pu island at 1,230 m (4,035 ft) above sea level.〔(Communes des Îles Marquises )〕 Based on 2010 studies, new research suggests that the islands were colonized rapidly in two waves by indigenous colonists from West Polynesia, beginning ~1025-1120AD, leading to development of a "remarkably uniform culture, human biology and language."〔 In the 21st century, the Marquesas Islands form one of the five administrative divisions (''subdivisions administratives'') of French Polynesia. The capital of the Marquesas Islands administrative subdivision is the settlement of Taiohae on the island of Nuku Hiva. The population of the Marquesas Islands was 9,264 inhabitants at the August 2012 census.〔 == History == (詳細はPolynesians, who, from archeological evidence, were long believed by scholars to have arrived from West Polynesia before 100 AD; other estimates were settlement from 600AD. However, a 2010 study using revised, high-precision radiocarbon dating based on more reliable samples has established that the period of eastern Polynesian colonization took place much later, in a shorter time frame of two waves: the "earliest in the Society Islands A.D. ∼1025–1120, four centuries later than previously assumed; then after 70–265 y, dispersal continued in one major pulse to all remaining islands A.D. ∼1190–1290."〔(Janet M. Wilmshurst, Terry L. Hunt, Carl P. Lipo, and Atholl J. Anderson. "High-precision radiocarbon dating shows recent and rapid initial human colonization of East Polynesia" ), ''PNAS'', vol. 108 no. 5, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1015876108, accessed 26 October 2015〕 This rapid colonization is believed to account for the "remarkable uniformity of East Polynesia culture, biology and language."〔 The new information will require major reworking of scholarship about the development of linguistics and culture in the islands. Ethnological and linguistic evidence suggests that they likely migrated from the West Polynesia region of Tonga and Samoa. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marquesas Islands」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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